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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Illuminating nucleon-gluon interference via calorimetric asymmetry

Xiao Lin Li1, Xiaohui Liu1,2,3,*, Feng Yuan4,†, and Hua Xing Zhu5,3,‡

  • 1Center of Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Multi-scale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • 3Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • 4Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
  • 5School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

  • *xiliu@bnu.edu.cn
  • †fyuan@lbl.gov
  • ‡zhuhx@pku.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 108, L091502 – Published 13 November, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.L091502

Abstract

We present an innovative approach to the linearly polarized gluons confined inside the unpolarized nucleon in lepton-nucleon scattering. Our method analyzes the correlation of energy flows at azimuthal separations ϕ. The interference of the spinning gluon with both positive and negative helicities translates into a cos(2ϕ) asymmetry imprinted on the detector. Unlike the conventional transverse momentum dependent probes, the cos(2ϕ) asymmetry in this approach is preserved by rotational symmetry, holds to all orders, and is free of radiation contamination and is thus expected to provide the exquisite signature of the nucleon linearly polarized gluons.

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Phys. Rev. D 108, L091502– Published 13 November, 2023
  • Received 28 August 2023
  • Accepted 17 October 2023
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