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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Dark matter from hot big bang black holes

Avi Friedlander1,2,*, Ningqiang Song3,4,†, and Aaron C. Vincent1,2,5,‡

  • 1Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
  • 2Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
  • 3Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • 4Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZL, United Kingdom
  • 5Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada

  • *avi.friedlander@queensu.ca
  • †songnq@itp.ac.cn
  • ‡aaron.vincent@queensu.ca
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Phys. Rev. D 108, L081301 – Published 16 October, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.L081301

Abstract

If the temperature of the hot thermal plasma in the early Universe was within a few orders of magnitude of the Planck scale MPl, then the hoop conjecture predicts the formation of microscopic black holes from particle collisions in the plasma. Although these evaporated instantly, they would have left behind a relic abundance of all stable degrees of freedom which couple to gravity. Here we show that, upon minimal assumptions of a high reheat temperature and semiclassical black hole dynamics, this process could have produced the relic abundance of dark matter observed today for a particle mass anywhere in the range of 100  keV≲mdm<MPl, though it could be subdominant to graviton-mediated freeze-in above mdm∼MeV. The production mechanism does not rely on any additional assumptions about nongravitational dark matter-Standard Model interaction.

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Phys. Rev. D 108, L081301– Published 16 October, 2023
  • Received 20 March 2023
  • Revised 12 July 2023
  • Accepted 25 September 2023
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