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Constraining axions with ZTF J1901+1458

Leesa Fleury*

Ilaria Caiazzo†

Jeremy Heyl‡

  • Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada

  • TAPIR, Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, Mail Code 350-17, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125, USA

  • Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada

  • *lfleury@phas.ubc.ca
  • †ilariac@caltech.edu
  • ‡heyl@phas.ubc.ca

Phys. Rev. D 107, L101303 – Published 17 May, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.L101303

Abstract

The axion-nucleon coupling enables the production of axions through the decay of excited Fe57 nuclei, and axions produced in the Sun through this process are often a target of helioscope searches. We show for the first time that hot, highly magnetic white dwarfs such as ZTF J1901+1458 are a viable target to search for the x-ray signature of axions that were produced by the Fe57 transition in the core and then converted to photons in the magnetosphere. We calculate that a 100 ks observation of ZTF J1901+1458 with NuSTAR would constrain the coupling of axions to nucleons and photons at a level below the bounds of both current and future planned helioscopes.

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