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New form of the Kerr-Newman solution

M. P. Hobson*

  • Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom

  • *mph@mrao.cam.ac.uk

Phys. Rev. D 107, L021501 – Published 31 January, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.L021501

Abstract

A new form of the Kerr-Newman solution is presented. The solution involves a time coordinate which represents the local proper time for a charged massive particle released from rest at spatial infinity. The chosen coordinates ensure that the solution is well-behaved at horizons and enable an intuitive description of many physical phenomena. If the charge of the particle e=0, the coordinates reduce to Doran coordinates for the Kerr solution with the replacement M→M−Q2/(2r), where M and Q are the mass and charge of the black hole, respectively. Such coordinates are valid only for r≥Q2/(2M), however, which corresponds to the region that a neutral particle released from rest at infinity can penetrate. By contrast, for e≠0 and of opposite sign to Q, the new coordinates have a progressively extended range of validity as |e| increases and tend to advanced Eddington-Finkelstein (EF) null coordinates as |e|→∞, hence becoming global in this limit. The Kerr solution (i.e. with Q=0) may also be written in terms of the new coordinates by setting eQ=−α, where α is a real parameter unrelated to charge; in this case the coordinate system is global for all non-negative values of α and the limits α=0 and α→∞ correspond to Doran coordinates and advanced EF null coordinates, respectively, without any need to transform between them.

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