Letter
Open Access

Probing the $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment

Kento Asai ^1,*, Koichi Hamaguchi ^2,3,†, Natsumi Nagata ^2,‡, Shih-Yen Tseng ^2,§, and Juntaro Wada ^2,∥

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338–8570, Japan
²Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113–0033, Japan
³Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277–8583, Japan

^*asai@krishna.th.phy.saitama-u.ac.jp
^†hama@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
^‡natsumi@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
^§shihyen@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
^∥wada@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Phys. Rev. D 106, L051702 – Published 27 September, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.L051702

Abstract

We discuss the prospects of probing the $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment. The $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson $Z^{'}$ with a mass of $≲ 200 MeV$ , which can explain the discrepancy between the measured value of the muon $g - 2$ and the value calculated in the Standard Model, can be produced at the MUonE experiment through the process $μ e \to μ e Z^{'}$ . The $Z^{'}$ in the final state decays into a pair of neutrinos, and therefore we cannot observe the decay of $Z^{'}$ directly. It is, however, still possible to probe this signature by searching for events with a large scattering angle of muon and a less energetic final-state electron. The background events coming from the elastic scattering $μ e \to μ e$ as well as radiative process $μ e \to μ e γ$ can be removed by the kinematical cuts on the muon scattering angle and the electron energy, in addition to a photon veto. The background events from the electroweak process $μ e \to μ e ν \bar{ν}$ are negligible. With our selection criteria, the number of signal events $μ e \to μ e Z^{'}$ is found to be as large as $\sim 10^{3}$ , assuming an integrated luminosity of $15 {fb}^{- 1}$ , in the parameter region motivated by the muon $g - 2$ discrepancy. It is, therefore, quite feasible to probe the $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment—without introducing additional devices—and we strongly recommend recording the events relevant to this $Z^{'}$ production process.

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Phys. Rev. D 106, L051702– Published 27 September, 2022

Vol. 106, Iss. 5 — 1 September 2022

Received 30 September 2021
Revised 14 June 2022
Accepted 1 September 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.L051702

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Probing the $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment

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Probing the Lμ−Lτ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment

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Probing the $L_{μ} - L_{τ}$ gauge boson at the MUonE experiment