- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review D

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Probing WIMP dark matter via gravitational waves’ spectral shapes

Debasish Borah1,*, Suruj Jyoti Das1,†, Abhijit Kumar Saha2,‡, and Rome Samanta3,§

  • 1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
  • 2School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
  • 3CEICO, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic

  • *dborah@iitg.ac.in
  • †suruj@iitg.ac.in
  • ‡psaks2484@iacs.res.in
  • §samanta@fzu.cz
PDF

Phys. Rev. D 106, L011701 – Published 26 July, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.L011701

Abstract

We propose a novel probe of weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM) candidates of a wide mass range which fall short of the required annihilation rates to satisfy correct thermal relic abundance, dubbed as miracle-less WIMP. If the DM interactions are mediated by an Abelian gauge boson like B-L, its annihilation rates typically remain smaller than the WIMP ballpark for very high scale B-L symmetry breaking, leading to overproduction. The thermally overproduced relic is brought within observed limits via late entropy dilution from one of the three right-handed neutrinos (RHN) present for keeping the model anomaly free and generating light neutrino masses. Such late entropy injection leads to peculiar spectral shapes of gravitational waves (GWs) generated by cosmic strings, formed as a result of B-L symmetry breaking. We find an interesting correlation between DM mass and turning frequency of the GW spectrum with the latter being within reach of future experiments. The two other RHNs play a major role in generating light neutrino masses and baryon asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis. Successful leptogenesis with miracle-less WIMP together restrict the turning frequencies to lie within the sensitivity limits of near future GW experiments.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (81)

  1. G. Arcadi, M. Dutra, P. Ghosh, M. Lindner, Y. Mambrini, M. Pierre, S. Profumo, and F. S. Queiroz, Eur. Phys. J. C 78, 203 (2018).
  2. L. J. Hall, K. Jedamzik, J. March-Russell, and S. M. West, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2010) 080.
  3. N. Bernal, M. Heikinheimo, T. Tenkanen, K. Tuominen, and V. Vaskonen, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 32, 1730023 (2017).
  4. B. W. Lee and S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 39, 165 (1977).
  5. K. Griest and M. Kamionkowski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 615 (1990).
  6. J. Arakawa and T. M. P. Tait, SciPost Phys. 11, 019 (2021).
  7. T. W. B. Kibble, J. Phys. A 9, 1387 (1976).
  8. H. B. Nielsen and P. Olesen, Nucl. Phys. B61, 45 (1973).
  9. A. Vilenkin, Phys. Lett. 107B, 47 (1981).
  10. N. Turok, Nucl. Phys. B242, 520 (1984).
  11. Y. Cui, M. Lewicki, D. E. Morrissey, and J. D. Wells, Phys. Rev. D 97, 123505 (2018).
  12. Y. Cui, M. Lewicki, D. E. Morrissey, and J. D. Wells, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2019) 081.
  13. Y. Gouttenoire, G. Servant, and P. Simakachorn, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 07 (2020a) 032.
  14. C. Yuan, R. Brito, and V. Cardoso, Phys. Rev. D 104, 044011 (2021).
  15. L. Tsukada, R. Brito, W. E. East, and N. Siemonsen, Phys. Rev. D 103, 083005 (2021).
  16. A. Chatrchyan and J. Jaeckel, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 02 (2021) 003.
  17. L. Bian, X. Liu, and K.-P. Xie, J. High Energy Phys. 11 (2021) 175.
  18. R. Samanta and F. R. Urban, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06 (2022) 017.
  19. P. Schwaller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 181101 (2015).
  20. G. Bertone et al., SciPost Phys. Core 3, 007 (2020).
  21. A. Davidson, Phys. Rev. D 20, 776 (1979).
  22. R. N. Mohapatra and R. E. Marshak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 1316 (1980); 44, 1643(E) (1980).
  23. R. E. Marshak and R. N. Mohapatra, Phys. Lett. 91B, 222 (1980).
  24. A. Masiero, J. F. Nieves, and T. Yanagida, Phys. Lett. 116B, 11 (1982).
  25. R. N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanovic, Phys. Rev. D 27, 254 (1983).
  26. W. Buchmuller, C. Greub, and P. Minkowski, Phys. Lett. B 267, 395 (1991).
  27. R. J. Scherrer and M. S. Turner, Phys. Rev. D 31, 681 (1985).
  28. R. Allahverdi and J. K. Osiński, Phys. Rev. D 105, 023502 (2022).
  29. M. Nemevsek, G. Senjanovic, and Y. Zhang, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 07 (2012) 006.
  30. F. Bezrukov, H. Hettmansperger, and M. Lindner, Phys. Rev. D 81, 085032 (2010).
  31. D. Borah and A. Dasgupta, J. Phys. G 46, 105004 (2019).
  32. M. Cirelli, Y. Gouttenoire, K. Petraki, and F. Sala, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 02 (2019) 014.
  33. J. A. Dror, D. Dunsky, L. J. Hall, and K. Harigaya, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2020a) 168.
  34. M. Dutra, V. Oliveira, C. A. d. S. Pires, and F. S. Queiroz, J. High Energy Phys. 10 (2021) 005.
  35. G. Arcadi, J. P. Neto, F. S. Queiroz, and C. Siqueira, Phys. Rev. D 105, 035016 (2022).
  36. D. Borah, S. J. Das, and A. K. Saha, arXiv:2110.13927.
  37. E. W. Kolb and M. S. Turner, The Early Universe, Frontiers in Physics (Westview Press, Boulder, CO, 1990), Vol. 69, ISBN [Amazon][WorldCat], 10.1201/9780429492860.
  38. Z. Arzoumanian et al. (NANOGrav Collaboration), Astrophys. J. Lett. 905, L34 (2020).
  39. B. Goncharov et al., Astrophys. J. Lett. 917, L19 (2021).
  40. J. Ellis and M. Lewicki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 041304 (2021).
  41. S. Blasi, V. Brdar, and K. Schmitz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 041305 (2021).
  42. R. Samanta and S. Datta, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2021) 211.
  43. C. Ringeval, M. Sakellariadou, and F. Bouchet, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 02 (2007) 023.
  44. J. J. Blanco-Pillado, K. D. Olum, and B. Shlaer, Phys. Rev. D 83, 083514 (2011).
  45. W. Buchmüller, V. Domcke, K. Kamada, and K. Schmitz, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 10 (2013) 003.
  46. J. A. Dror, T. Hiramatsu, K. Kohri, H. Murayama, and G. White, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 041804 (2020).
  47. W. Buchmuller, V. Domcke, H. Murayama, and K. Schmitz, Phys. Lett. B 809, 135764 (2020).
  48. S. F. King, S. Pascoli, J. Turner, and Y.-L. Zhou, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 021802 (2021).
  49. B. Fornal and B. Shams Es Haghi, Phys. Rev. D 102, 115037 (2020).
  50. W. Buchmuller, V. Domcke, and K. Schmitz, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 12 (2021) 006.
  51. M. A. Masoud, M. U. Rehman, and Q. Shafi, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 11 (2021) 022.
  52. A. Afzal, W. Ahmed, M. U. Rehman, and Q. Shafi, Phys. Rev. D 105, 103539 (2022).
  53. A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rev. D 43, 1060 (1991).
  54. D. P. Bennett and F. R. Bouchet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 257 (1988).
  55. D. P. Bennett and F. R. Bouchet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 2776 (1989).
  56. T. Vachaspati and A. Vilenkin, Phys. Rev. D 31, 3052 (1985).
  57. J. J. Blanco-Pillado, K. D. Olum, and B. Shlaer, Phys. Rev. D 89, 023512 (2014).
  58. C. J. A. P. Martins and E. P. S. Shellard, Phys. Rev. D 54, 2535 (1996).
  59. C. J. A. P. Martins and E. P. S. Shellard, Phys. Rev. D 65, 043514 (2002).
  60. P. Auclair, J. J. Blanco-Pillado, D. G. Figueroa, A. C. Jenkins, M. Lewicki, M. Sakellariadou, S. Sanidas, L. Sousa, D. A. Steer, J. M. Wachter, and S. Kuroyanagi, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 04 (2020a) 034.
  61. J. J. Blanco-Pillado and K. D. Olum, Phys. Rev. D 96, 104046 (2017).
  62. T. Charnock, A. Avgoustidis, E. J. Copeland, and A. Moss, Phys. Rev. D 93, 123503 (2016).
  63. S. Blasi, V. Brdar, and K. Schmitz, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 043321 (2020).
  64. S. Datta, A. Ghosal, and R. Samanta, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 08 (2021) 021.
  65. Y. Gouttenoire, G. Servant, and P. Simakachorn, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 07 (2020b) 016.
  66. P. Auclair, D. A. Steer, and T. Vachaspati, Phys. Rev. D 101, 083511 (2020).
  67. P. Amaro-Seoane et al. (LISA Collaboration), arXiv:1702.00786.
  68. K. Yagi and N. Seto, Phys. Rev. D 83, 044011 (2011); 95, 109901(E) (2017).
  69. M. Punturo, M. Abernathy, F. Acernese, B. Allen, N. Andersson, K. Arun, F. Barone, B. Barr, M. Barsuglia, M. Beker et al., Classical Quantum Gravity 27, 194002 (2010).
  70. B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration), Classical Quantum Gravity 34, 044001 (2017).
  71. S. Iso, N. Okada, and Y. Orikasa, Phys. Rev. D 83, 093011 (2011).
  72. M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Phys. Lett. B 174, 45 (1986).
  73. A. Pilaftsis and T. E. J. Underwood, Nucl. Phys. B692, 303 (2004).
  74. W. Buchmuller, P. Di Bari, and M. Plumacher, Ann. Phys. (Amsterdam) 315, 305 (2005).
  75. J. A. Casas and A. Ibarra, Nucl. Phys. B618, 171 (2001).
  76. A. Abada, S. Davidson, F.-X. Josse-Michaux, M. Losada, and A. Riotto, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 04 (2006a) 004.
  77. A. Abada, S. Davidson, A. Ibarra, F. X. Josse-Michaux, M. Losada, and A. Riotto, J. High Energy Phys. 09 (2006b) 010.
  78. E. Nardi, Y. Nir, E. Roulet, and J. Racker, J. High Energy Phys. 01 (2006) 164.
  79. S. Blanchet and P. Di Bari, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 03 (2007) 018.
  80. M. Aker et al. (KATRIN Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 221802 (2019).
  81. M. J. Dolinski, A. W. P. Poon, and W. Rodejohann, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 69, 219 (2019).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. D 106, L011701– Published 26 July, 2022
  • Received 3 March 2022
  • Accepted 6 July 2022
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation