Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Detecting long-lived particles trapped in detector material at the LHC

Jan Kieseler*, Juliette Alimena, Jasmine Simms†, Thea Aarrestad, and Maurizio Pierini

Alexander Kish

  • European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland

  • Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA

  • *jan.kieseler@cern.ch
  • †Also at The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom.

Phys. Rev. D 105, L051701 – Published 4 March, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.L051701

Abstract

We propose a two-stage strategy to search for new long-lived particles that could be produced at the CERN LHC, become trapped in detector material, and decay later. In the first stage, metal rods are exposed to LHC collisions in an experimental cavern. In the second stage, they are immersed in liquid argon at a different location, where out-of-time decays could be detected. Using a benchmark of pair-produced long-lived gluinos, we show that this experiment would have unique sensitivity to gluino-neutralino mass splittings down to 3 GeV, in previously uncovered lifetimes of days to years.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (32)

  1. J. Alimena et al., Searching for long-lived particles beyond the standard model at the large hadron collider, J. Phys. G 47, 090501 (2020).
  2. ATLAS Collaboration, The ATLAS experiment at the CERN large hadron collider, J. Instrum. 3, S08003 (2008).
  3. CMS Collaboration, The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, J. Instrum. 3, S08004 (2008).
  4. LHCb Collaboration, The LHCb detector at the LHC, J. Instrum. 3, S08005 (2008).
  5. FASER Collaboration, FASER’s physics reach for long-lived particles, Phys. Rev. D 99, 095011 (2019).
  6. FASER Collaboration, FASER: ForwArd search ExpeRiment at the LHC, arXiv:1901.04468.
  7. milliQan Collaboration, Sensitivity to millicharged particles in future proton-proton collisions at the LHC with the milliQan detector, Phys. Rev. D 104, 032002 (2021).
  8. G. Aielli et al., Expression of interest for the CODEX-b detector, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 1177 (2020).
  9. S. Asai, K. Hamaguchi, and S. Shirai, Measuring Lifetimes of Long-Lived Charged Massive Particles Stopped in LHC Detectors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 141803 (2009).
  10. A. Arvanitaki, S. Dimopoulos, A. Pierce, S. Rajendran, and J. Wacker, Stopping gluinos, Phys. Rev. D 76, 055007 (2007).
  11. J. D. Wells, Implications of supersymmetry breaking with a little hierarchy between gauginos and scalars, in Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY, Tucson, Arizona, 2003), arXiv:hep-ph/0306127.
  12. N. Arkani-Hamed and S. Dimopoulos, Supersymmetric unification without low energy supersymmetry and signatures for fine-tuning at the LHC, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2005) 073.
  13. G. Giudice and A. Romanino, Split supersymmetry, Nucl. Phys. B699, 65 (2004); Erratum, B706, 487 (2005).
  14. CMS Collaboration, Search for decays of stopped long-lived particles produced in proton–proton collisions at s=8  TeV, Eur. Phys. J. C 75, 151 (2015).
  15. CMS Collaboration, Search for decays of stopped exotic long-lived particles produced in proton-proton collisions at s=13  TeV, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2018) 127.
  16. ATLAS Collaboration, Generation and simulation of R-hadrons in the ATLAS experiment, Technical Report No. ATL-PHYS-PUB-2019-019, CERN, Geneva, 2019.
  17. ATLAS Collaboration, A search for the decays of stopped long-lived particles at s=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2021) 173.
  18. J. L. Feng and B. T. Smith, Slepton trapping at the large hadron and international linear colliders, Phys. Rev. D 71, 015004 (2005); Erratum, 71, 019904 (2005).
  19. A. De Roeck, J. Ellis, F. Gianotti, F. Moortgat, K. A. Olive, and L. Pape, Supersymmetric benchmarks with non-universal scalar masses or gravitino dark matter, Eur. Phys. J. C 49, 1041 (2007).
  20. K. Hamaguchi, Y. Kuno, T. Nakaya, and M. M. Nojiri, A Study of late decaying charged particles at future colliders, Phys. Rev. D 70, 115007 (2004).
  21. K. Hamaguchi, M. M. Nojiri, and A. de Roeck, Prospects to study a long-lived charged next lightest supersymmetric particle at the LHC, J. High Energy Phys. 03 (2007) 046.
  22. F. Pietropaolo, Review of liquid-argon detectors development at the CERN neutrino platform, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 888, 012038 (2017).
  23. MoEDAL Collaboration, First Search for Dyons with the Full MoEDAL Trapping Detector in 13 TeV pp Collisions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 071801 (2021).
  24. B. S. Acharya, A. De Roeck, J. Ellis, D. K. Ghosh, R. Masełek, G. Panizzo, J. L. Pinfold, K. Sakurai, A. Shaa, and A. Wall, Prospects of searches for long-lived charged particles with MoEDAL, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 572 (2020).
  25. M. Fairbairn, A. C. Kraan, D. A. Milstead, T. Sjöstrand, P. Skands, and T. Sloan, Stable massive particles at colliders, Phys. Rep. 438, 1 (2007).
  26. S. Agostinelli et al., geant4: A simulation toolkit, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 506, 250 (2003).
  27. R. Mackeprang and A. Rizzi, Interactions of coloured heavy stable particles in matter, Eur. Phys. J. C 50, 353 (2007).
  28. R. Mackeprang and D. Milstead, An updated description of heavy-hadron interactions in geant4, Eur. Phys. J. C 66, 493 (2010).
  29. T. Sjöstrand, S. Ask, J. R. Christiansen, R. Corke, N. Desai, P. Ilten, S. Mrenna, S. Prestel, C. O. Rasmussen, and P. Z. Skands, An introduction to pythia 8.2, Comput. Phys. Commun. 191, 159 (2015).
  30. E. V. Bugaev, A. Misaki, V. A. Naumov, T. S. Sinegovskaya, S. I. Sinegovsky, and N. Takahashi, Atmospheric muon flux at sea level, underground and underwater, Phys. Rev. D 58, 054001 (1998).
  31. S. Tsuji, T. Katayama, K. Okei, T. Wada, I. Yamamoto, and Y. Yamashita, Measurements of muons at sea level, J. Phys. G 24, 1805 (1998).
  32. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.L051701 for additional information and figures.

Outline

Information

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation