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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Continuum approach to real time dynamics of (1+1)D gauge field theory: Out of horizon correlations of the Schwinger model

Ivan Kukuljan*

  • Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, DE-85748 Garching, Germany and Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Schellingstraße 4, DE-80799 München, Germany

  • *ivan.kukuljan@mpq.mpg.de
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Phys. Rev. D 104, L021702 – Published 13 July, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.L021702

Abstract

We develop a truncated Hamiltonian method to study nonequilibrium real time dynamics in the Schwinger model—the quantum electrodynamics in D=1+1. This is a purely continuum method that captures reliably the invariance under local and global gauge transformations and does not require a discretization of space-time. We use it to study a phenomenon that is expected not to be tractable using lattice methods: we show that the (1+1)D quantum electrodynamics admits the dynamical horizon violation effect which was recently discovered in the case of the sine-Gordon model. Following a quench of the model, oscillatory long-range correlations develop, manifestly violating the horizon bound. We find that the oscillation frequencies of the out-of-horizon correlations correspond to twice the masses of the mesons of the model suggesting that the effect is mediated through correlated meson pairs. We also report on the cluster violation in the massive version of the model, previously known in the massless Schwinger model. The results presented here reveal a novel nonequilibrium phenomenon in (1+1)D quantum electrodynamics and make a first step towards establishing that the horizon violation effect is present in gauge field theory.

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Phys. Rev. D 104, L021702– Published 13 July, 2021
  • Received 17 March 2021
  • Accepted 27 May 2021
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