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Regular black holes in three dimensions

Pablo Bueno1, Pablo A. Cano2, Javier Moreno3,4, and Guido van der Velde1

  • 1Instituto Balseiro, Centro Atómico Bariloche, 8400-S.C. de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
  • 2Instituut voor Theoretische Fysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
  • 3Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
  • 4Center for Quantum Mathematics and Physics (QMAP), Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA

Phys. Rev. D 104, L021501 – Published 1 July, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.L021501

Abstract

We find a plethora of new analytic black holes and globally regular horizonless spacetimes in three dimensions. The solutions involve a single real scalar field ϕ which always admits a magneticlike expression proportional to the angular coordinate. The new metrics, which satisfy gttgrr=−1 and represent continuous generalizations of the Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) one, solve the equations of Einstein gravity corrected by a new family of densities (controlled by unconstrained couplings) constructed from positive powers of (∂ϕ)2 and certain linear combinations of Rab∂aϕ∂bϕ and (∂ϕ)2R. Some of the solutions obtained describe black holes with one or several horizons. A set of them possesses curvature singularities, while others have conical or BTZ-like ones. Interestingly, in some cases the black holes have no singularity at all, being completely regular. Some of the latter are achieved without any kind of fine-tuning or constraint between the action parameters and/or the physical charges of the solution. An additional class of solutions describes globally regular and horizonless geometries.

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