Letter
Open Access

T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using $3.13 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target

K. Abe⁵³, N. Akhlaq⁴⁴, R. Akutsu²⁷, A. Ali³¹, C. Alt¹⁰, C. Andreopoulos^51,33, M. Antonova¹⁸, S. Aoki³⁰, T. Arihara⁵⁶ et al. (The T2K Collaboration)

T. Arihara⁵⁶, Y. Asada⁶⁵, Y. Ashida³¹, E. T. Atkin²⁰, Y. Awataguchi⁵⁶, G. J. Barker⁶², G. Barr⁴¹, D. Barrow⁴¹, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak¹⁴, A. Beloshapkin²⁵, F. Bench³³, V. Berardi²¹, L. Berns⁵⁵, S. Bhadra⁶⁶, A. Blondel^50,12, S. Bolognesi⁵, T. Bonus⁶⁴, B. Bourguille¹⁷, S. B. Boyd⁶², A. Bravar¹², D. Bravo Berguño¹, C. Bronner⁵³, S. Bron¹², A. Bubak⁴⁹, M. Buizza Avanzini⁹, S. Cao¹⁵, S. L. Cartwright⁴⁸, M. G. Catanesi²¹, A. Cervera¹⁸, D. Cherdack¹⁶, G. Christodoulou¹¹, M. Cicerchia^23,*, J. Coleman³³, G. Collazuol²³, L. Cook^41,27, D. Coplowe⁴¹, A. Cudd⁶, G. De Rosa²², T. Dealtry³², C. C. Delogu²³, S. R. Dennis³³, C. Densham⁵¹, A. Dergacheva²⁵, F. Di Lodovico²⁹, S. Dolan¹¹, T. A. Doyle³², J. Dumarchez⁵⁰, P. Dunne ²⁰, A. Eguchi⁵², L. Eklund¹³, S. Emery-Schrenk⁵, A. Ereditato², A. J. Finch³², G. A. Fiorentini⁶⁶, C. Francois², M. Friend^15,†, Y. Fujii^15,†, R. Fukuda⁵⁷, Y. Fukuda³⁶, K. Fusshoeller¹⁰, C. Giganti⁵⁰, M. Gonin⁹, A. Gorin²⁵, M. Guigue⁵⁰, D. R. Hadley⁶², P. Hamacher-Baumann⁴⁷, M. Hartz^59,27, T. Hasegawa^15,†, S. Hassani⁵, N. C. Hastings¹⁵, Y. Hayato^53,27, A. Hiramoto³¹, M. Hogan⁷, J. Holeczek⁴⁹, N. T. Hong Van^19,26, T. Honjo⁴⁰, F. Iacob²³, A. K. Ichikawa³¹, M. Ikeda⁵³, T. Ishida^15,†, M. Ishitsuka⁵⁷, K. Iwamoto⁵², A. Izmaylov²⁵, N. Izumi⁵⁷, M. Jakkapu¹⁵, B. Jamieson⁶³, S. J. Jenkins⁴⁸, C. Jesús-Valls¹⁷, P. Jonsson²⁰, C. K. Jung^38,‡, P. B. Jurj²⁰, M. Kabirnezhad⁴¹, H. Kakuno⁵⁶, J. Kameda⁵³, S. P. Kasetti³⁴, Y. Kataoka⁵³, Y. Katayama⁶⁵, T. Katori²⁹, E. Kearns^3,27,‡, M. Khabibullin²⁵, A. Khotjantsev²⁵, T. Kikawa³¹, H. Kikutani⁵², S. King²⁹, J. Kisiel⁴⁹, T. Kobata⁴⁰, T. Kobayashi^15,†, L. Koch⁴¹, A. Konaka⁵⁹, L. L. Kormos³², Y. Koshio^39,‡, A. Kostin²⁵, K. Kowalik³⁷, Y. Kudenko^25,§, S. Kuribayashi³¹, R. Kurjata⁶¹, T. Kutter³⁴, M. Kuze⁵⁵, L. Labarga¹, J. Lagoda³⁷, M. Lamoureux²³, D. Last⁴², M. Laveder²³, M. Lawe³², R. P. Litchfield¹³, S. L. Liu³⁸, A. Longhin²³, L. Ludovici²⁴, X. Lu⁴¹, T. Lux¹⁷, L. N. Machado²², L. Magaletti²¹, K. Mahn³⁵, M. Malek⁴⁸, S. Manly⁴⁵, L. Maret¹², A. D. Marino⁶, L. Marti-Magro^53,27, T. Maruyama^15,*, T. Matsubara¹⁵, K. Matsushita⁵², C. Mauger⁴², K. Mavrokoridis³³, E. Mazzucato⁵, N. McCauley³³, J. McElwee⁴⁸, K. S. McFarland⁴⁵, C. McGrew³⁸, A. Mefodiev²⁵, M. Mezzetto²³, A. Minamino⁶⁵, O. Mineev²⁵, S. Mine⁴, M. Miura^53,‡, L. Molina Bueno¹⁰, S. Moriyama^53,‡, Th. A. Mueller⁹, L. Munteanu⁵, Y. Nagai⁶, T. Nakadaira^15,†, M. Nakahata^53,27, Y. Nakajima⁵³, A. Nakamura³⁹, K. Nakamura^27,15,†, Y. Nakano³⁰, S. Nakayama^53,27, T. Nakaya^31,27, K. Nakayoshi^15,†, C. E. R. Naseby²⁰, T. V. Ngoc^19,∥, V. Q. Nguyen⁵⁰, K. Niewczas⁶⁴, Y. Nishimura²⁸, E. Noah¹², T. S. Nonnenmacher²⁰, F. Nova⁵¹, J. Nowak³², J. C. Nugent¹³, H. M. O’Keeffe³², L. O’Sullivan⁴⁸, T. Odagawa³¹, T. Ogawa¹⁵, R. Okada³⁹, K. Okumura^54,27, T. Okusawa⁴⁰, R. A. Owen⁴⁴, Y. Oyama^15,†, V. Palladino²², V. Paolone⁴³, M. Pari²³, W. C. Parker⁴⁶, S. Parsa¹², J. Pasternak²⁰, M. Pavin⁵⁹, D. Payne³³, G. C. Penn³³, L. Pickering³⁵, C. Pidcott⁴⁸, G. Pintaudi⁶⁵, C. Pistillo², B. Popov^50,¶, K. Porwit⁴⁹, M. Posiadala-Zezula⁶⁰, A. Pritchard³³, B. Quilain⁹, T. Radermacher⁴⁷, E. Radicioni²¹, B. Radics¹⁰, P. N. Ratoff³², C. Riccio³⁸, E. Rondio³⁷, S. Roth⁴⁷, A. Rubbia¹⁰, A. C. Ruggeri²², C. Ruggles¹³, A. Rychter⁶¹, K. Sakashita^15,†, F. Sánchez¹², G. Santucci⁶⁶, C. M. Schloesser¹⁰, K. Scholberg^8,‡, M. Scott²⁰, Y. Seiya^40,**, T. Sekiguchi^15,†, H. Sekiya^53,27,‡, D. Sgalaberna¹⁰, A. Shaikhiev²⁵, A. Shaykina²⁵, M. Shiozawa^53,27, W. Shorrock²⁰, A. Shvartsman²⁵, K. Skwarczynski³⁷, M. Smy⁴, J. T. Sobczyk⁶⁴, H. Sobel^4,27, F. J. P. Soler¹³, Y. Sonoda⁵³, R. Spina²¹, S. Suvorov^25,50, A. Suzuki³⁰, S. Y. Suzuki^15,†, Y. Suzuki²⁷, A. A. Sztuc²⁰, M. Tada^15,†, M. Tajima³¹, A. Takeda⁵³, Y. Takeuchi^30,27, H. K. Tanaka^53,‡, Y. Tanihara⁶⁵, M. Tani³¹, N. Teshima⁴⁰, L. F. Thompson⁴⁸, W. Toki⁷, C. Touramanis³³, T. Towstego⁵⁸, K. M. Tsui³³, T. Tsukamoto^15,†, M. Tzanov³⁴, Y. Uchida²⁰, M. Vagins^27,4, S. Valder⁶², D. Vargas¹⁷, G. Vasseur⁵, C. Vilela¹¹, W. G. S. Vinning⁶², T. Vladisavljevic⁵¹, T. Wachala¹⁴, J. Walker⁶³, J. G. Walsh³², Y. Wang³⁸, D. Wark^51,41, M. O. Wascko²⁰, A. Weber^51,41, R. Wendell^31,‡, M. J. Wilking³⁸, C. Wilkinson², J. R. Wilson²⁹, K. Wood³⁸, C. Wret⁴⁵, J. Xia⁵⁴, K. Yamamoto^40,**, C. Yanagisawa^38,††, G. Yang³⁸, T. Yano⁵³, K. Yasutome³¹, N. Yershov²⁵, M. Yokoyama^52,‡, T. Yoshida⁵⁵, M. Yu⁶⁶, A. Zalewska¹⁴, J. Zalipska³⁷, K. Zaremba⁶¹, G. Zarnecki³⁷, M. Ziembicki⁶¹, M. Zito⁵⁰, and S. Zsoldos²⁹ (The T2K Collaboration)

¹University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, 28049 Madrid, Spain
²University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
³Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
⁴University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
⁵IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
⁶University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
⁷Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
⁸Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
⁹Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
¹⁰ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
¹¹CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genve 23, Switzerland
¹²University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
¹³University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
¹⁴H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, Poland
¹⁵High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
¹⁶University of Houston, Department of Physics, Houston, Texas, USA
¹⁷Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
¹⁸IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
¹⁹Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
²⁰Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
²¹INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
²²INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
²³INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
²⁴INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma “La Sapienza,” Roma, Italy
²⁵Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
²⁶International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
²⁷Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
²⁸Keio University, Department of Physics, Kanagawa, Japan
²⁹King’s College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
³⁰Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
³¹Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
³²Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
³³University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
³⁴Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
³⁵Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
³⁶Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
³⁷National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
³⁸State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
³⁹Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
⁴⁰Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
⁴¹Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
⁴²University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
⁴³University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
⁴⁴Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
⁴⁵University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
⁴⁶Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
⁴⁷RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
⁴⁸University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
⁴⁹University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
⁵⁰Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
⁵¹STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
⁵²University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
⁵³University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
⁵⁴University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
⁵⁵Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
⁵⁶Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
⁵⁷Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
⁵⁸University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
⁵⁹TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
⁶⁰University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
⁶¹Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
⁶²University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
⁶³University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
⁶⁴Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
⁶⁵Yokohama National University, Department of Physics, Yokohama, Japan
⁶⁶York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

^*also at INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro
^†Also at J-PARC, Tokai, Japan.
^‡Affiliated member at Kavli IPMU (WPI), the University of Tokyo, Japan.
^§Also at National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI” and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
^∥Also at the Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology.
^¶Also at JINR, Dubna, Russia.
^**Also at Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (NITEP).
^††Also at BMCC/CUNY, Science Department, New York, New York, USA.

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Phys. Rev. D 103, L011101 – Published 26 January, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.L011101

Abstract

We report measurements by the T2K experiment of the parameters $θ_{23}$ and $Δ m_{32}^{2}$ , which govern the disappearance of muon neutrinos and antineutrinos in the three-flavor PMNS neutrino oscillation model at T2K’s neutrino energy and propagation distance. Utilizing the ability of the experiment to run with either a mainly neutrino or a mainly antineutrino beam, muon-like events from each beam mode are used to measure these parameters separately for neutrino and antineutrino oscillations. Data taken from $1.49 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target (POT) in neutrino mode and $1.64 \times 10^{21}$ POT in antineutrino mode are used. The best-fit values obtained by T2K were $\sin^{2} (θ_{23}) = {0.51}_{- 0.07}^{+ 0.06} ({0.43}_{- 0.05}^{+ 0.21})$ and $Δ m_{32}^{2} = {2.47}_{- 0.09}^{+ 0.08} ({2.50}_{- 0.13}^{+ 0.18}) \times 10^{- 3} {eV}^{2} / c^{4}$ for neutrinos (antineutrinos). No significant differences between the values of the parameters describing the disappearance of muon neutrinos and antineutrinos were observed. An analysis using an effective two-flavor neutrino oscillation model where the sine of the mixing angle is allowed to take nonphysical values larger than 1 is also performed to check the consistency of our data with the three-flavor model. Our data were found to be consistent with a physical value for the mixing angle.

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Phys. Rev. D 103, L011101– Published 26 January, 2021

Vol. 103, Iss. 1 — 1 January 2021

Received 25 August 2020
Accepted 15 December 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.L011101

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

Published by the American Physical Society

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T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using $3.13 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target

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T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using 3.13×1021 protons on target

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

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References (37)

T2K measurements of muon neutrino and antineutrino disappearance using $3.13 \times 10^{21}$ protons on target