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    Testing Gauss-Bonnet gravity with x-ray binary observations

    Bakhodirkhon Saidov1,*, Bakhtiyor Narzilloev2,†, Ibrar Hussain3,‡, Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov4,5,6,§, and Bobomurat Ahmedov6,2,7,∥

    • *Contact author: saidbaxodirxon13@gmail.com
    • †Contact author: b.narzilloev@newuu.uz
    • ‡Contact author: ibrar.hussain@seecs.nust.edu.pk
    • §Contact author: ahmadjon@astrin.uz
    • ∥Contact author: ahmedov@astrin.uz

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 104057 – Published 20 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/9f1d-7wfh

    Abstract

    We examine the spacetime geometry of the spinning black hole in Gauss-Bonnet gravity as a model for the geometry around several x-ray binary black hole sources; A0620-00, H1743-322, XTE J1550-564, GRS1124-683, GRO J1655-40, and GRS1915+105. This metric extends the Kerr solution by including a Gauss-Bonnet coupling parameter α, capturing higher-curvature corrections. We first assess whether observed radiative efficiencies can be reproduced within this framework. We then analyze whether the spacetime geometry of the spinning black hole in Gauss-Bonnet gravity can also account for the observed jet powers. While most sources show consistent behavior across Lorentz factors Γ, GRS1124-683 exhibits greater sensitivity. Combining both radiative and jet constraints, we identify overlapping parameter regions for A0620-00, H1743-322, GRO J1655-40, and XTE J1550-564. For GRS1124-683, overlap depends on the assumed Γ, and for GRS1915+105, no consistent region is found under current assumptions. Our results highlight both the potential and limitations of Gauss-Bonnet gravity in describing strong-field astrophysical systems.

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