- Open Access
Finite puzzle in low-multiplicity collisions from ultralong-range azimuthal correlations in the string-shoving model
Phys. Rev. D 113, 114035 – Published 18 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7mb1-8lxd
Abstract
Ultralong range angular correlations have been recently reported by the ALICE collaboration in pp collisions at below . The measurements have been performed as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity ( in ), which is known to be strongly sensitive to local multiplicity fluctuations. The present work investigates the impact of the event-activity estimator on ultralong range angular correlations. The study is conducted in the framework of pythia8 with the string shoving mechanism since it gives a nonzero elliptic flow coefficient, . Such collectivelike effects arise from repulsive interactions between overlapping color strings, without invoking hydrodynamic collectivity. The analysis is conducted as a function of , the number of parton-parton scatterings () and flattenicity. Surprisingly, for ultralong range correlations, pp collisions with (dijets) seem to be the most sensitive to string shoving. The effect diminishes with increasing . While in data, within uncertainties, exhibits a weak multiplicity dependence; the string shoving mechanism gives a that decreases with the increase in . The present work therefore supports the picture stating that mechanisms such as string shoving might explain the low multiplicity limit, whereas, hydro becomes relevant in high-multiplicity pp collisions. This work also suggests that flattenicity might be more effective than to better handle collectivelike effects.
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