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Inspiral-merger-ringdown waveforms with gravitational self-force results within the effective-one-body formalism

Benjamin Leather1, Alessandra Buonanno1,2, and Maarten van de Meent3,1

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 044012 – Published 7 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/6qc3-xn17

Abstract

Gravitational self-force (GSF) theory is a strong-gravity perturbative approach to the relativistic two-body problem, primarily developed to model extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, where one compact object is significantly more massive than the companion. However, recent advancements in GSF calculations, particularly involving second-order self-force (2GSF) results, indicated a much broader applicability across a wider range of mass ratios. These developments have motivated efforts to incorporate GSF results into the effective-one-body (EOB) framework, where they have already been successfully integrated into the state-of-the-art waveform model, SEOBNRV5, employed in recent LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing runs. In this work, we present SEOBNR-GSF, a nonspinning inspiral-merger-ringdown (IMR) EOB waveform model that introduces a GSF-informed EOB Hamiltonian as its central innovation. This marks the first complete IMR waveform model constructed primarily from GSF results. We show that our model outperforms inspiral waveforms from full 2GSF calculations in the intermediate-to-comparable mass regime. Furthermore, by comparing with a post-Newtonian-informed variant, SEOBNR-GSF-PN, we demonstrate that the inclusion of numerical GSF information in the Hamiltonian leads to significant improvements in model fidelity. Finally, we benchmark our model against high-accuracy, nonspinning numerical-relativity simulations from the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (sxs) catalog and find that its median mismatch is comparable to that of SEOBNRV5, suggesting that this approach holds promise for further enhancing future EOB waveform models.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 044012– Published 7 August, 2025
  • Received 23 May 2025
  • Accepted 25 June 2025
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