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Listening for new physics with quantum acoustics

Ryan Linehan1,*, Tanner Trickle2, Christopher R. Conner3, Sohitri Ghosh2, Tongyan Lin4, Mukul Sholapurkar4,5, and Andrew N. Cleland3,6

  • *Contact author: linehan3@fnal.gov
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 115005 – Published 1 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/63zj-d8z4

Abstract

We present a novel application of a qubit-coupled phonon detector to search for new physics, e.g., ultralight dark matter (DM) and high-frequency gravitational waves. The detector, motivated by recent advances in quantum acoustics, is composed of superconducting transmon qubits coupled to high-overtone bulk acoustic resonators (hBARs) and operates in the  GHz−10  GHz frequency range. New physics can excite O(10  μeV) phonons within the hBAR, which are then converted to qubit excitations via a transducer. We detail the design, operation, backgrounds, and expected sensitivity of a prototype detector, as well as a next-generation detector optimized for new physics signals. We find that a future detector can complement current haloscope experiments in the search for both dark photon DM and high-frequency gravitational waves. Lastly, we comment on such a detector’s ability to operate as a O(10  μeV) athermal phonon sensor for sub-GeV DM detection.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 115005– Published 1 December, 2025
  • Received 15 November 2024
  • Accepted 30 September 2025
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