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  • Open Access

Spacelike Sachs electric and magnetic form factors of the baryons in the asymmetric nuclear medium

Ekta Rawat*, Navpreet Kaur†, Harleen Dahiya‡, Arvind Kumar§, and Suneel Dutt∥

  • *Contact author: ektarawat1505@gmail.com
  • †Contact author: knavpreet.hep@gmail.com
  • ‡Contact author: dahiyah@nitj.ac.in
  • §Contact author: kumara@nitj.ac.in
  • ∥Contact author: dutts@nitj.ac.in
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Phys. Rev. D 114, 016021 – Published 28 July, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5wnm-989v

Abstract

In the present work, we have studied the spacelike baryon Sachs form factors in the isospin asymmetric nuclear medium using the vector-meson dominance (VMD) model. The in-medium effects are incorporated through the medium-modified masses of vector mesons which are calculated using the QCD sum rule approach, taking density-dependent scalar quark and gluon condensates as inputs from chiral SU(3) quark mean-field (CQMF) model. The effective magnetic moments of the baryons are also calculated in the CQMF model. In the framework of the VMD model, the photon couples to the nucleons through intermediary vector mesons with the same quantum number as that of a photon. This coupling leads to the relation of isoscalar and isovector Dirac and Pauli form factors which are then used to calculate the Sachs electric and magnetic form factors, which provide physically measurable quantities that represent the electric and magnetic distributions of the baryons. The present work aims to study the effects of asymmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature on the Sachs form factors of baryons in the spacelike region. The electric and magnetic charge radii have also been calculated for the baryons in free space and dense asymmetric nuclear matter. The results obtained have been compared with other available phenomenological models, lattice simulations, and experimental data.

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Phys. Rev. D 114, 016021– Published 28 July, 2026
  • Received 3 June 2026
  • Accepted 1 July 2026
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