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Zc(3900) in a hadronic molecule and a triangle singularity approach at finite temperature

Ying Zhang1,2,3,4,*, Atsushi Hosaka2,5,†, Qian Wang1,2,3,6,‡, and Shigehiro Yasui7,8,9,§

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 2Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
  • 3Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (MOE), Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 4Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • 5Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai 319-1195, Japan
  • 6Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory (SCNT), Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huizhou 516000, Guangdong Province, China
  • 7Nishogakusha University, 6-16, Sanbancho, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-8336, Japan
  • 8International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, 1-3-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
  • 9Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Hiyoshi 4-1-1, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan

  • *Contact author: yingzhang@m.scnu.edu.cn, ying@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp
  • †Contact author: hosaka@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp
  • ‡Contact author: qianwang@m.scnu.edu.cn
  • §Contact author: yasuis@keio.jp
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 016014 – Published 8 July, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/5nlp-vwrc

Abstract

Studying exotic hadrons is a challenge against the conventional quark model, providing us with a good platform to deepen our understanding of the strong interaction. An inclusive study of the exotic hadrons in vacuum and at finite temperature is an intriguing approach to shed light on their nature. As a first step, we study the Zc(3900) in both the DD¯* hadronic molecular and the triangle singularity pictures, and discuss the behaviors of Zc(3900) at finite temperature in these two different pictures. As a result, we show the properties that its mass becomes smaller and its width becomes larger when the temperature increases, which are seen commonly in the hadronic molecular picture and in the triangle singularity picture. The enhanced widths in hot medium indicate that the Zc(3900) will be dissociated at a sufficiently high temperature. This feature is also reflected by a decrease of the effective couplings in the hadronic molecular picture. It is concluded that, not only in vacuum but also in hot medium, the behaviors of Zc(3900) are similar in the two different interpretations of Zc(3900).

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 016014– Published 8 July, 2025
  • Received 8 April 2025
  • Accepted 9 June 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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