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    Dynamical dark energy in models with an evolution close to ΛCDM

    Saikat Chakraborty1,2,*, Charlotte Louw3,†, Peter K. S. Dunsby3,2,4,‡, Kelly MacDevette3,§, and Alvaro de la Cruz Dombriz3,5,∥

    • *Contact author: saikat.c@chula.ac.th, saikat.chakraborty@nwu.ac.za
    • †Contact author: lwxcha023@myuct.ac.za
    • ‡Contact author: peter.dunsby@uct.ac.za
    • §Contact author: MCDKEL004@myuct.ac.za
    • ∥Contact author: alvaro.delacruzdombriz@uct.ac.za

    Phys. Rev. D 112, 103518 – Published 12 November, 2025

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/57rv-kvm6

    Abstract

    In this communication, we address whether or not there is an equivalence between the kinematical and dynamical descriptions of the spatially flat ΛCDM model. We address this by investigating whether an almost ΛCDM expansion history [j(z)≈1] corresponds to an almost ΛCDM model [wDE(z)≈−1] by considering two particular explicit examples. At least for the cases considered, this turns out not to be the case. Instead, what we find is that an almost ΛCDM cosmic evolution rather corresponds to an almost unified dark-fluid model. Considering that one never gets the exact condition j(z)=1 from any cosmographic datasets, this raises further questions on whether the ΛCDM model is the best candidate for the standard model of the evolution of the Universe.

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