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Alleviating the present tension between T2K and NOνA with nonstandard neutrino interactions

Adriano Cherchiglia1,2, Pedro Pasquini3,1, O. L. G. Peres1, F. F. Rodrigues1,4, R. R. Rossi1,5, and E. S. Souza1

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 093004 – Published 13 November, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/55qm-zbhv

Abstract

Since neutrino oscillation was observed, several experiments have been built to measure its parameters. NuMI Off-axis νe Appearance (NOνA) and Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) are two long-baseline experiments dedicated to measuring mainly the mixing angle θ23, the charge-parity (CP) conjugation phase δCP, and the mass ordering. However, there is a tension in current data. The T2K allowed region is in conflict with the region allowed by NOνA. We propose a nonstandard charged current interaction (CC-NSI) in neutrino production to relieve this tension. The CC-NSI is computed through quantum field theory formalism, where we derive perturbative analytical formulae considering CC-NSI in the pion decay. Within this new approach, we can alleviate NOνA and T2K tension for CC-NSI complex parameters of order 10−3. We show the new phase has a degeneracy to the Dirac CP phase of the form δCP±ϕ=1.5π, being a possible source of violation of charge-parity symmetry.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 093004– Published 13 November, 2025
  • Received 4 November 2023
  • Accepted 15 October 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

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