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Z4 symmetric inverse seesaw model for neutrino masses and FIMP dark matter

Ziye Wang*, Yakefu Reyimuaji†, and Nijiati Yalikun‡

  • *Contact author: zyewang@163.com
  • †Contact author: yreyi@hotmail.com
  • ‡Contact author: nijiati@xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 112, 055041 – Published 26 September, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3tvj-qmld

Abstract

A theoretical framework based on a spontaneously broken Z4 symmetry is proposed to simultaneously explain neutrino mass generation via the inverse seesaw mechanism and dark matter (DM) production through a freeze-in scenario. This work extends the standard model with right-handed neutrinos Ni, additional fermions χi, and a complex scalar S. An unbroken Z2 subgroup ensures the stability of the DM candidate, whose relic abundance is dominantly produced via decay and scattering processes involving heavy singlet fermions. Phenomenological analyses show that this relatively minimal construction accommodates the observed neutrino oscillation parameters, consistent with the latest global fit data. Furthermore, the model successfully reproduces the observed DM relic density within the parameter space relevant to neutrino phenomenology, establishing a connection between neutrino properties and DM production.

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Phys. Rev. D 112, 055041– Published 26 September, 2025
  • Received 11 June 2025
  • Accepted 8 September 2025
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