Understanding the relative magnitudes of and
Phys. Rev. D 113, 113009 – Published 15 June, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/3tkz-5ygf
Abstract
The paper is dedicated to the reanalysis of our previous long-term results, obtained in a fitting of all actual nucleon electromagnetic form factors data by the various modifications of the unitary and analytic model of nucleon electromagnetic structure, which led us to a prediction of the unacceptable inequality . Finally, by means of the most accomplished version of the model in this paper, it is revealed that the numerical values of free parameters of the proton electromagnetic form factors determined in a fitting procedure of all existing experimental data do not reproduce the data on the total cross section , from which overwhelming majority of the proton form factors data with errors has been initially evaluated. On that account, in a repeated analysis all proton electromagnetic form factors data obtained from the total cross section data have been excluded and a correction of the model parameters by a simultaneous fit of only the most reliable proton electromagnetic form factors in the spacelike and timelike regions, obtained by different methods, like polarization experiments and angular distribution measurements, has been carried out. The latter procedure got us finally into such forms of nucleon electromagnetic form factors that a theoretically predicted behavior, despite of the small difference of the neutron and proton masses caused by the isotopic invariance violation, is found to be predominantly lower than the experimental cross section, in consistency with a natural law of probabilities of the processes and also with recent measurements of .