In tests of gravity using gravitational waves (GWs), GW events analyzed are often selected based on specific criteria, particularly the signal-to-noise ratio. However, such event selection can introduce bias into parameter estimation unless the selection effect is appropriately taken into account in the analysis. In this paper, we investigate how event selection with certain prior information affects parameter inference within the scalar-tensor polarization framework, focusing on the measurement of the scalar mode amplitude parameters. We find that for the $\text{Tensor}+\text{Scalar}(\text{dipole})$ model, the amplitude of the scalar dipole radiation is overestimated when its true value is nonzero, while there is no false deviation in the absence of the scalar mode. The same bias is expected to occur also for the $\text{Tensor}+\text{Scalar}(\text{quadrupole})$ model. However, the error typically exceeds the bias, as the scalar quadrupole mode is difficult to be distinguished from the tensor mode.

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• Alternative gravity theories
• General relativity
• Gravitational waves