We investigate the influence of QCD phase transition and critical fluctuations of the critical end point (CEP) on the deuteron yield within the functional renormalization group (fRG) approach, by using the nucleon coalescence model and a low energy effective field theory of quarks and mesons. It is found that the two-point baryon density correlation function is enhanced in a narrow region radiated from the CEP along the phase boundary. Meanwhile, the deuteron-to-proton yield ratio $N_d/N_p$ presents a monotonically increasing trend with decreasing collision energy, in which the leading-order uncorrelated contribution is dominant. The density correlation correction only shows a weak peaklike structure in the energy region of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3–7\mathrm{GeV}$, whose magnitude is significantly smaller than that of the leading-order contribution.

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• QCD phase transitions
• Quark-gluon plasma