Open Access

Search for the rare decays of $D \to h (h^{(')}) e^{+} e^{-}$

M. Ablikim ¹, M. N. Achasov ^4,e, P. Adlarson ⁸², X. C. Ai ⁸⁸, C. S. Akondi ^31a,31b, R. Aliberti ³⁹, A. Amoroso ^81a,81c, Q. An^78,64,a, Y. H. An ⁸⁸ et al. (BESIII Collaboration)

Y. H. An ⁸⁸, Y. Bai ⁶², O. Bakina ⁴⁰, H. R. Bao ⁷⁰, X. L. Bao ⁴⁹, M. Barbagiovanni ^81c, V. Batozskaya ^1,48, K. Begzsuren³⁵, N. Berger ³⁹, M. Berlowski ⁴⁸, M. B. Bertani ^30a, D. Bettoni ^31a, F. Bianchi ^81a,81c, E. Bianco^81a,81c, A. Bortone ^81a,81c, I. Boyko ⁴⁰, R. A. Briere ⁵, A. Brueggemann ⁷⁵, D. Cabiati ^81a,81c, H. Cai ⁸³, M. H. Cai ^42,m,n, X. Cai ^1,64, A. Calcaterra ^30a, G. F. Cao ^1,70, N. Cao ^1,70, S. A. Cetin ^68a, X. Y. Chai ^50,j, J. F. Chang ^1,64, T. T. Chang ⁴⁷, G. R. Che ⁴⁷, Y. Z. Che ^1,64,70, C. H. Chen ¹⁰, Chao Chen ¹, G. Chen ¹, H. S. Chen ^1,70, H. Y. Chen ²⁰, M. L. Chen ^1,64,70, S. J. Chen ⁴⁶, S. M. Chen ⁶⁷, T. Chen ^1,70, W. Chen ⁴⁹, X. R. Chen ^34,70, X. T. Chen ^1,70, X. Y. Chen ^12,i, Y. B. Chen ^1,64, Y. Q. Chen ¹⁶, Z. K. Chen ⁶⁵, J. Cheng ⁴⁹, L. N. Cheng ⁴⁷, S. K. Choi ¹¹, X. Chu ^12,i, G. Cibinetto ^31a, F. Cossio ^81c, J. Cottee-Meldrum ⁶⁹, H. L. Dai ^1,64, J. P. Dai ⁸⁶, X. C. Dai ⁶⁷, A. Dbeyssi¹⁹, R. E. de Boer ³, D. Dedovich ⁴⁰, C. Q. Deng ⁷⁹, Z. Y. Deng ¹, A. Denig ³⁹, I. Denisenko ⁴⁰, M. Destefanis ^81a,81c, F. De Mori ^81a,81c, E. Di Fiore ^31a,31b, X. X. Ding ^50,j, Y. Ding ⁴⁴, Y. X. Ding ³², Yi. Ding ³⁸, J. Dong ^1,64, L. Y. Dong ^1,70, M. Y. Dong ^1,64,70, X. Dong ⁸³, Z. J. Dong ⁶⁵, M. C. Du ¹, S. X. Du ⁸⁸, Shaoxu Du ^12,i, X. L. Du ^12,i, Y. Q. Du ⁸³, Y. Y. Duan ⁶⁰, Z. H. Duan ⁴⁶, P. Egorov ^40,c, G. F. Fan ⁴⁶, J. J. Fan ²⁰, Y. H. Fan ⁴⁹, J. Fang ^1,64, Jin Fang ⁶⁵, S. S. Fang ^1,70, W. X. Fang ¹, Y. Q. Fang ^1,64,a, L. Fava ^81b,81c, F. Feldbauer ³, G. Felici ^30a, C. Q. Feng ^78,64, J. H. Feng ¹⁶, L. Feng ^42,m,n, Q. X. Feng ^42,m,n, Y. T. Feng ^78,64, M. Fritsch ³, C. D. Fu ¹, J. L. Fu ⁷⁰, Y. W. Fu ^1,70, H. Gao ⁷⁰, Xu Gao ³⁸, Y. Gao ^78,64, Y. N. Gao ^50,j, Y. Y. Gao ³², Yunong Gao ²⁰, Z. Gao ⁴⁷, S. Garbolino ^81c, I. Garzia ^31a,31b, L. Ge ⁶², P. T. Ge ²⁰, Z. W. Ge ⁴⁶, C. Geng ⁶⁵, E. M. Gersabeck ⁷⁴, A. Gilman ⁷⁶, K. Goetzen ¹³, J. Gollub ³, J. B. Gong ^1,70, J. D. Gong ³⁸, L. Gong ⁴⁴, W. X. Gong ^1,64, W. Gradl ³⁹, S. Gramigna ^31a,31b, M. Greco ^81a,81c, M. D. Gu ⁵⁵, M. H. Gu ^1,64, C. Y. Guan ^1,70, A. Q. Guo ³⁴, H. Guo ⁵⁴, J. N. Guo ^12,i, L. B. Guo ⁴⁵, M. J. Guo ⁵⁴, R. P. Guo ⁵³, X. Guo ⁵⁴, Y. P. Guo ^12,i, Z. Guo ^78,64, A. Guskov ^40,c, J. Gutierrez ²⁹, J. Y. Han ^78,64, T. T. Han ¹, X. Han ^78,64, F. Hanisch ³, K. D. Hao ^78,64, X. Q. Hao ²⁰, F. A. Harris ⁷¹, C. Z. He ^50,j, K. K. He ^17,46, K. L. He ^1,70, F. H. Heinsius ³, C. H. Heinz ³⁹, Y. K. Heng ^1,64,70, C. Herold ⁶⁶, P. C. Hong ³⁸, G. Y. Hou ^1,70, X. T. Hou ^1,70, Y. R. Hou ⁷⁰, Z. L. Hou ¹, H. M. Hu ^1,70, J. F. Hu ^61,l, Q. P. Hu ^78,64, S. L. Hu ^12,i, T. Hu ^1,64,70, Y. Hu ¹, Y. X. Hu ⁸³, Z. M. Hu ⁶⁵, G. S. Huang ^78,64, K. X. Huang ⁶⁵, L. Q. Huang ^34,70, P. Huang ⁴⁶, X. T. Huang ⁵⁴, Y. P. Huang ¹, Y. S. Huang ⁶⁵, T. Hussain ⁸⁰, N. Hüsken ³⁹, N. in der Wiesche ⁷⁵, J. Jackson ²⁹, Q. Ji ¹, Q. P. Ji ²⁰, W. Ji ^1,70, X. B. Ji ^1,70, X. L. Ji ^1,64, Y. Y. Ji ¹, L. K. Jia ⁷⁰, X. Q. Jia ⁵⁴, D. Jiang ^1,70, H. B. Jiang ⁸³, S. J. Jiang ¹⁰, X. S. Jiang ^1,64,70, Y. Jiang ⁷⁰, J. B. Jiao ⁵⁴, J. K. Jiao ³⁸, Z. Jiao ²⁵, L. C. L. Jin ¹, S. Jin ⁴⁶, Y. Jin ⁷², M. Q. Jing ^1,70, X. M. Jing ⁷⁰, T. Johansson ⁸², S. Kabana ³⁶, X. L. Kang ¹⁰, X. S. Kang ⁴⁴, B. C. Ke ⁸⁸, V. Khachatryan ²⁹, A. Khoukaz ⁷⁵, O. B. Kolcu ^68a, B. Kopf ³, L. Kröger ⁷⁵, L. Krümmel³, Y. Y. Kuang ⁷⁹, M. Kuessner ³, X. Kui ^1,70, N. Kumar ²⁸, A. Kupsc ^48,82, W. Kühn ⁴¹, Q. Lan ⁷⁹, W. N. Lan ²⁰, T. T. Lei ^78,64, M. Lellmann ³⁹, T. Lenz ³⁹, C. Li ⁵¹, C. H. Li ⁴⁵, C. K. Li ⁴⁷, Chunkai Li ²¹, Cong Li ⁴⁷, D. M. Li ⁸⁸, F. Li ^1,64, G. Li ¹, H. B. Li ^1,70, H. J. Li ²⁰, H. L. Li ⁸⁸, H. N. Li ^61,l, H. P. Li ⁴⁷, Hui Li ⁴⁷, J. N. Li ³², J. S. Li ⁶⁵, J. W. Li ⁵⁴, K. Li ¹, K. L. Li ^42,m,n, L. J. Li ^1,70, Lei Li ⁵², M. H. Li ⁴⁷, M. R. Li ^1,70, M. T. Li ⁵⁴, P. L. Li ⁷⁰, P. R. Li ^42,m,n, Q. M. Li ^1,70, Q. X. Li ⁵⁴, R. Li ^18,34, S. Li ⁸⁸, S. X. Li ⁸⁸, S. Y. Li ⁸⁸, Shanshan Li ^27,k, T. Li ⁵⁴, T. Y. Li ⁴⁷, W. D. Li ^1,70, W. G. Li ^1,a, X. Li ^1,70, X. H. Li ^78,64, X. K. Li ^50,j, X. L. Li ⁵⁴, X. Y. Li ^1,9, X. Z. Li ⁶⁵, Y. Li ²⁰, Y. C. Li ⁶⁵, Y. G. Li ⁷⁰, Y. P. Li ³⁸, Z. H. Li ⁴², Z. J. Li ⁶⁵, Z. L. Li ⁸⁸, Z. X. Li ⁴⁷, Z. Y. Li ⁸⁶, C. Liang ⁴⁶, H. Liang ^78,64, Y. F. Liang ⁵⁹, Y. T. Liang ^34,70, Z. Z. Liang ⁶⁵, G. R. Liao ¹⁴, L. B. Liao ⁶⁵, M. H. Liao ⁶⁵, Y. P. Liao ^1,70, J. Libby ²⁸, A. Limphirat ⁶⁶, C. C. Lin ⁶⁰, C. X. Lin ³⁴, D. X. Lin ^34,70, T. Lin ¹, B. J. Liu ¹, B. X. Liu ⁸³, C. Liu ³⁸, C. X. Liu ¹, F. Liu ¹, F. H. Liu ⁵⁸, Feng Liu ⁶, G. M. Liu ^61,l, H. Liu ^42,m,n, H. B. Liu ¹⁵, H. M. Liu ^1,70, Huihui Liu ²², J. B. Liu ^78,64, J. J. Liu ²¹, K. Liu ^42,m,n, K. Y. Liu ⁴⁴, Ke Liu ²³, Kun Liu ⁷⁹, L. Liu ⁴², L. C. Liu ⁴⁷, Lu Liu ⁴⁷, M. H. Liu ³⁸, P. L. Liu ⁵⁴, Q. Liu ⁷⁰, S. B. Liu ^78,64, T. Liu ¹, W. M. Liu ^78,64, W. T. Liu ⁴³, X. Liu ^42,m,n, X. K. Liu ^42,m,n, X. L. Liu ^12,i, X. P. Liu ^12,i, X. Y. Liu ⁸³, Y. Liu ^42,m,n, Y. B. Liu ⁴⁷, Yi Liu ⁸⁸, Z. A. Liu ^1,64,70, Z. D. Liu ⁸⁴, Z. L. Liu ⁷⁹, Z. Q. Liu ⁵⁴, Z. X. Liu ¹, Z. Y. Liu ⁴², X. C. Lou ^1,64,70, H. J. Lu ²⁵, J. G. Lu ^1,64, X. L. Lu ¹⁶, Y. Lu ⁷, Y. H. Lu ^1,70, Y. P. Lu ^1,64, Z. H. Lu ^1,70, C. L. Luo ⁴⁵, J. R. Luo ⁶⁵, J. S. Luo ^1,70, M. X. Luo⁸⁷, T. Luo ^12,i, X. L. Luo ^1,64, Z. Y. Lv ²³, X. R. Lyu ^70,q, Y. F. Lyu ⁴⁷, Y. H. Lyu ⁸⁸, F. C. Ma ⁴⁴, H. L. Ma ¹, Heng Ma ^27,k, J. L. Ma ^1,70, L. L. Ma ⁵⁴, L. R. Ma ⁷², Q. M. Ma ¹, R. Q. Ma ^1,70, R. Y. Ma ²⁰, T. Ma ^78,64, X. T. Ma ^1,70, X. Y. Ma ^1,64, Y. M. Ma ³⁴, F. E. Maas ¹⁹, I. MacKay ⁷⁶, M. Maggiora ^81a,81c, S. Maity ³⁴, S. Malde ⁷⁶, Q. A. Malik ⁸⁰, H. X. Mao ^42,m,n, Y. J. Mao ^50,j, Z. P. Mao ¹, S. Marcello ^81a,81c, A. Marshall ⁶⁹, F. M. Melendi ^31a,31b, Y. H. Meng ⁷⁰, Z. X. Meng ⁷², G. Mezzadri ^31a, H. Miao ^1,70, T. J. Min ⁴⁶, R. E. Mitchell ²⁹, X. H. Mo ^1,64,70, B. Moses ²⁹, N. Yu. Muchnoi ^4,e, J. Muskalla ³⁹, Y. Nefedov ⁴⁰, F. Nerling ^19,g, H. Neuwirth ⁷⁵, Z. Ning ^1,64, S. Nisar^33,b, Q. L. Niu ^42,m,n, W. D. Niu ^12,i, Y. Niu ⁵⁴, C. Normand ⁶⁹, S. L. Olsen ^11,70, Q. Ouyang ^1,64,70, S. Pacetti ^30b,30c, Y. Pan ⁶², A. Pathak ¹¹, Y. P. Pei ^78,64, M. Pelizaeus ³, G. L. Peng ^78,64, H. P. Peng ^78,64, X. J. Peng ^42,m,n, Y. Y. Peng ^42,m,n, K. Peters ^13,g, K. Petridis ⁶⁹, J. L. Ping ⁴⁵, R. G. Ping ^1,70, S. Plura ³⁹, V. Prasad ³⁸, L. Pöpping ³, F. Z. Qi ¹, H. R. Qi ⁶⁷, M. Qi ⁴⁶, S. Qian ^1,64, W. B. Qian ⁷⁰, C. F. Qiao ⁷⁰, J. H. Qiao ²⁰, J. J. Qin ⁷⁹, J. L. Qin ⁶⁰, L. Q. Qin ¹⁴, L. Y. Qin ^78,64, P. B. Qin ⁷⁹, X. P. Qin ⁴³, X. S. Qin ⁵⁴, Z. H. Qin ^1,64, J. F. Qiu ¹, Z. H. Qu ⁷⁹, J. Rademacker ⁶⁹, K. Ravindran ⁷³, C. F. Redmer ³⁹, A. Rivetti ^81c, M. Rolo ^81c, G. Rong ^1,70, S. S. Rong ^1,70, F. Rosini ^30b,30c, Ch. Rosner ¹⁹, M. Q. Ruan ^1,64, N. Salone ^48,s, A. Sarantsev ^40,f, Y. Schelhaas ³⁹, M. Schernau ³⁶, K. Schoenning ⁸², M. Scodeggio ^31a, W. Shan ²⁶, X. Y. Shan ^78,64, Z. J. Shang ^42,m,n, J. F. Shangguan ¹⁷, L. G. Shao ^1,70, M. Shao ^78,64, C. P. Shen ^12,i, H. F. Shen ^1,9, W. H. Shen ⁷⁰, X. Y. Shen ^1,70, B. A. Shi ⁷⁰, Ch. Y. Shi ^86,d, H. Shi ^78,64, J. L. Shi ^8,r, J. Y. Shi ¹, M. H. Shi ⁸⁸, S. Y. Shi ⁷⁹, X. Shi ^1,64, H. L. Song ^78,64, J. J. Song ²⁰, M. H. Song ⁴², T. Z. Song ⁶⁵, W. M. Song ³⁸, Y. X. Song ^50,j,o, Zirong Song ^27,k, S. Sosio ^81a,81c, S. Spataro ^81a,81c, S. Stansilaus ⁷⁶, F. Stieler ³⁹, M. Stolte ³, S. S. Su⁴⁴, G. B. Sun ⁸³, G. X. Sun ¹, H. Sun ⁷⁰, H. K. Sun ¹, J. F. Sun ²⁰, K. Sun ⁶⁷, L. Sun ⁸³, R. Sun ⁷⁸, S. S. Sun ^1,70, T. Sun ^56,h, W. Y. Sun ⁵⁵, Y. C. Sun ⁸³, Y. H. Sun ³², Y. J. Sun ^78,64, Y. Z. Sun ¹, Z. Q. Sun ^1,70, Z. T. Sun ⁵⁴, H. Tabaharizato ¹, C. J. Tang⁵⁹, G. Y. Tang ¹, J. Tang ⁶⁵, J. J. Tang ^78,64, L. F. Tang ⁴³, Y. A. Tang ⁸³, Z. H. Tang ^1,70, L. Y. Tao ⁷⁹, M. Tat ⁷⁶, J. X. Teng ^78,64, J. Y. Tian ^78,64, W. H. Tian ⁶⁵, Y. Tian ³⁴, Z. F. Tian ⁸³, I. Uman ^68b, E. van der Smagt ³, B. Wang ⁶⁵, Bin Wang ¹, Bo Wang ^78,64, C. Wang ^42,m,n, Chao Wang ²⁰, Cong Wang ²³, D. Y. Wang ^50,j, F. K. Wang ⁶⁵, H. J. Wang ^42,m,n, H. R. Wang ⁸⁵, J. Wang ¹⁰, J. J. Wang ⁸³, J. P. Wang ³⁷, K. Wang ^1,64, L. L. Wang ¹, L. W. Wang ³⁸, M. Wang ⁵⁴, Mi Wang ^78,64, N. Y. Wang ⁷⁰, S. Wang ^42,m,n, Shun Wang ⁶³, T. Wang ^12,i, W. Wang ⁶⁵, W. P. Wang ³⁹, X. F. Wang ^42,m,n, X. L. Wang ^12,i, X. N. Wang ^1,70, Xin Wang ^27,k, Y. Wang ¹, Y. D. Wang ⁴⁹, Y. F. Wang ^1,9,70, Y. H. Wang ^42,m,n, Y. J. Wang ^78,64, Y. L. Wang ²⁰, Y. N. Wang ⁴⁹, Yanning Wang ⁸³, Yaqian Wang ¹⁸, Yi Wang ⁶⁷, Yuan Wang ^18,34, Z. Wang ^1,64, Z. L. Wang ², Z. Q. Wang ^12,i, Z. Y. Wang ^1,70, Zhi Wang ⁴⁷, Ziyi Wang ⁷⁰, D. Wei ⁴⁷, D. H. Wei ¹⁴, D. J. Wei ⁷², H. R. Wei ⁴⁷, F. Weidner ⁷⁵, H. R. Wen ³⁴, S. P. Wen ¹, U. Wiedner ³, G. Wilkinson ⁷⁶, M. Wolke⁸², J. F. Wu ^1,9, L. H. Wu ¹, L. J. Wu ²⁰, Lianjie Wu ²⁰, S. G. Wu ^1,70, S. M. Wu ⁷⁰, X. W. Wu ⁷⁹, Z. Wu ^1,64, H. L. Xia ^78,64, L. Xia ^78,64, B. H. Xiang ^1,70, D. Xiao ^42,m,n, G. Y. Xiao ⁴⁶, H. Xiao ⁷⁹, Y. L. Xiao ^12,i, Z. J. Xiao ⁴⁵, C. Xie ⁴⁶, K. J. Xie ^1,70, Y. Xie ⁵⁴, Y. G. Xie ^1,64, Y. H. Xie ⁶, Z. P. Xie ^78,64, T. Y. Xing ^1,70, D. B. Xiong ¹, G. F. Xu ¹, H. Y. Xu ², Q. J. Xu ¹⁷, Q. N. Xu ³², T. D. Xu ⁷⁹, X. P. Xu ⁶⁰, Y. Xu ^12,i, Y. C. Xu ⁸⁵, Z. S. Xu ⁷⁰, F. Yan ²⁴, L. Yan ^12,i, W. B. Yan ^78,64, W. C. Yan ⁸⁸, W. H. Yan ⁶, W. P. Yan ²⁰, X. Q. Yan ^12,i, Y. Y. Yan ⁶⁶, H. J. Yang ^56,h, H. L. Yang ³⁸, H. X. Yang ¹, J. H. Yang ⁴⁶, R. J. Yang ²⁰, X. Y. Yang ⁷², Y. Yang ^12,i, Y. H. Yang ⁴⁷, Y. M. Yang ⁸⁸, Y. Q. Yang ¹⁰, Y. Z. Yang ²⁰, Youhua Yang ⁴⁶, Z. Y. Yang ⁷⁹, W. J. Yao ⁶, Z. P. Yao ⁵⁴, M. Ye ^1,64, M. H. Ye ^9,a, Z. J. Ye ^61,l, Junhao Yin ⁴⁷, Z. Y. You ⁶⁵, B. X. Yu ^1,64,70, C. X. Yu ⁴⁷, G. Yu ¹³, J. S. Yu ^27,k, L. W. Yu ^12,i, T. Yu ⁷⁹, X. D. Yu ^50,j, Y. C. Yu ⁸⁸, Yongchao Yu ⁴², C. Z. Yuan ^1,70, H. Yuan ^1,70, J. Yuan ³⁸, Jie Yuan ⁴⁹, L. Yuan ², M. K. Yuan ^12,i, S. H. Yuan ⁷⁹, Y. Yuan ^1,70, C. X. Yue ⁴³, Ying Yue ²⁰, A. A. Zafar ⁸⁰, F. R. Zeng ⁵⁴, S. H. Zeng ⁶⁹, X. Zeng ^12,i, Y. J. Zeng ^1,70, Yujie Zeng ⁶⁵, Y. C. Zhai ⁵⁴, Y. H. Zhan ⁶⁵, B. L. Zhang ^1,70, B. X. Zhang ^1,a, D. H. Zhang ⁴⁷, G. Y. Zhang ²⁰, Gengyuan Zhang ^1,70, H. Zhang ^78,64, H. C. Zhang ^1,64,70, H. H. Zhang ⁶⁵, H. Q. Zhang ^1,64,70, H. R. Zhang ^78,64, H. Y. Zhang ^1,64, Han Zhang ⁸⁸, J. Zhang ⁶⁵, J. J. Zhang ⁵⁷, J. L. Zhang ²¹, J. Q. Zhang ⁴⁵, J. S. Zhang ^12,i, J. W. Zhang ^1,64,70, J. X. Zhang ^42,m,n, J. Y. Zhang ¹, J. Z. Zhang ^1,70, Jianyu Zhang ⁷⁰, Jin Zhang ⁵², Jiyuan Zhang ^12,i, L. M. Zhang ⁶⁷, Lei Zhang ⁴⁶, N. Zhang ³⁸, P. Zhang ^1,9, Q. Zhang ²⁰, Q. Y. Zhang ³⁸, Q. Z. Zhang ⁷⁰, R. Y. Zhang ^42,m,n, S. H. Zhang ^1,70, S. N. Zhang ⁷⁶, Shulei Zhang ^27,k, X. M. Zhang ¹, X. Y. Zhang ⁵⁴, Y. T. Zhang ⁸⁸, Y. H. Zhang ^1,64, Y. P. Zhang ^78,64, Yao Zhang ¹, Yu Zhang ⁷⁹, Yu Zhang ⁶⁵, Z. Zhang ³⁴, Z. D. Zhang ¹, Z. H. Zhang ¹, Z. L. Zhang ³⁸, Z. X. Zhang ²⁰, Z. Y. Zhang ⁸³, Zh. Zh. Zhang ²⁰, Zhilong Zhang ⁶⁰, Ziyang Zhang ⁴⁹, Ziyu Zhang ⁴⁷, G. Zhao ¹, J.-P. Zhao ⁷⁰, J. Y. Zhao ^1,70, J. Z. Zhao ^1,64, L. Zhao ¹, Lei Zhao ^78,64, M. G. Zhao ⁴⁷, R. P. Zhao ⁷⁰, S. J. Zhao ⁸⁸, Y. B. Zhao ^1,64, Y. L. Zhao ⁶⁰, Y. P. Zhao ⁴⁹, Y. X. Zhao ^34,70, Z. G. Zhao ^78,64, A. Zhemchugov ^40,c, B. Zheng ⁷⁹, B. M. Zheng ³⁸, J. P. Zheng ^1,64, W. J. Zheng ^1,70, W. Q. Zheng ¹⁰, X. R. Zheng ²⁰, Y. H. Zheng ^70,q, B. Zhong ⁴⁵, C. Zhong ²⁰, H. Zhou ^39,54,p, J. Q. Zhou ³⁸, S. Zhou ⁶, X. Zhou ⁸³, X. K. Zhou ⁶, X. R. Zhou ^78,64, X. Y. Zhou ⁴³, Y. X. Zhou ⁸⁵, Y. Z. Zhou ²⁰, A. N. Zhu ⁷⁰, J. Zhu ⁴⁷, K. Zhu ¹, K. J. Zhu ^1,64,70, K. S. Zhu ^12,i, L. X. Zhu ⁷⁰, Lin Zhu ²⁰, S. H. Zhu ⁷⁷, T. J. Zhu ^12,i, W. D. Zhu ^12,i, W. J. Zhu ¹, W. Z. Zhu ²⁰, Y. C. Zhu ^78,64, Z. A. Zhu ^1,70, X. Y. Zhuang ⁴⁷, M. Zhuge ⁵⁴, J. H. Zou ¹, and J. Zu ³⁴ (BESIII Collaboration)

¹Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
²Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People’s Republic of China
³Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
⁴Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
⁵Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
⁶Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People’s Republic of China
⁷Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
⁸Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People’s Republic of China
⁹China Center of Advanced Science and Technology, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
¹⁰China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
¹¹Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
¹²Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
¹³GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
¹⁴Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People’s Republic of China
¹⁵Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China
¹⁶Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, People’s Republic of China
¹⁷Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, People’s Republic of China
¹⁸Hebei University, Baoding 071002, People’s Republic of China
¹⁹Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
²⁰Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People’s Republic of China
²¹Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People’s Republic of China
²²Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, People’s Republic of China
²³Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
²⁴Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421001, People’s Republic of China
²⁵Huangshan College, Huangshan 245000, People’s Republic of China
²⁶Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People’s Republic of China
²⁷Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People’s Republic of China
²⁸Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
²⁹Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
^30aINFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
^30bINFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
^30cUniversity of Perugia, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
^31aINFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
^31bUniversity of Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
³²Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People’s Republic of China
³³Institute of Business Administration, Karachi,
³⁴Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
³⁵Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Peace Avenue 54B, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia
³⁶Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Casilla 7D, Arica 1000000, Chile
³⁷Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222000, People’s Republic of China
³⁸Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China
³⁹Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
⁴⁰Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
⁴¹Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
⁴²Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
⁴³Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁴Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁵Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁶Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁷Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
⁴⁸National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
⁴⁹North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁰Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
⁵¹Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People’s Republic of China
⁵²Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
⁵³Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁴Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁵Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁶Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁷Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁸Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People’s Republic of China
⁵⁹Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
⁶⁰Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People’s Republic of China
⁶¹South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
⁶²Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, People’s Republic of China
⁶³Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People’s Republic of China
⁶⁴State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
⁶⁵Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
⁶⁶Suranaree University of Technology, University Avenue 111, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
⁶⁷Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
^68aTurkish Accelerator Center Particle Factory Group, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
^68bNear East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
⁶⁹University of Bristol, H H Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
⁷⁰University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
⁷¹University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
⁷²University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People’s Republic of China
⁷³University of La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, La Serena, Chile
⁷⁴University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
⁷⁵University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 9, 48149 Muenster, Germany
⁷⁶University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX13RH, United Kingdom
⁷⁷University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, People’s Republic of China
⁷⁸University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
⁷⁹University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁰University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
^81aUniversity of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
^81bUniversity of Eastern Piedmont, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
^81cINFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
⁸²Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
⁸³Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁴Xi’an Jiaotong University, No.28 Xianning West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁵Yantai University, Yantai 264005, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁶Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁷Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
⁸⁸Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China

^*Full author list given at the end of the article.
^aDeceased.
^bAlso at Bogazici University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
^cAlso at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141700, Russia.
^dAlso at the Functional Electronics Laboratory, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
^eAlso at the Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
^fAlso at the NRC “Kurchatov Institute,” PNPI, 188300, Gatchina, Russia.
^gAlso at Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
^hAlso at Key Laboratory for Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology; Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China.
ⁱAlso at Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) and Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200443, People’s Republic of China.
^jAlso at State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China.
^kAlso at School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
^lAlso at Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
^mAlso at MOE Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China.
ⁿAlso at Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China.
^oAlso at Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
^pAlso at Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
^qAlso at Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.
^rAlso at Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, People’s Republic of China.
^sCurrently at University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Physics, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 092010 – Published 14 May, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1zvh-w47t

Abstract

We search for 15 rare decays of $D$ mesons to hadrons accompanied by an electron-positron pair $D \to h (h^{(')}) e^{+} e^{-}$ , based on $20.3 {fb}^{- 1}$ of $e^{+} e^{-}$ collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. No significant signals are observed, and the corresponding upper limits on the branching fractions at the 90% confidence level are determined. The sensitivities of the results are at the level of $10^{- 6} \sim 10^{- 7}$ . The upper limits on the branching fractions for the $D^{+} \to ρ^{+} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{+} \to K^{* +} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} K_{S}^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{0} \to π^{0} π^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ and $D^{0} \to η^{'} e^{+} e^{-}$ decay channels are measured for the first time. For the $D^{0} \to π^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{0} \to η e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{0} \to ω e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{+} \to π^{+} π^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{+} \to K^{+} π^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ , $D^{+} \to π^{+} K_{S}^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ and $D^{+} \to K^{+} K_{S}^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ decay channels, the upper limits on the branching fractions are determined, with an improvement of at least a factor of four compared to previous searches. The upper limits on the branching fractions for the $D^{0} \to ρ^{0} e^{+} e^{-}$ and $D^{0} \to ϕ e^{+} e^{-}$ decay channels are set at $0.7 \times 10^{- 6}$ and $4.6 \times 10^{- 6}$ , respectively.

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Phys. Rev. D 113, 092010– Published 14 May, 2026

Vol. 113, Iss. 9 — 1 May 2026

Received 16 March 2026
Accepted 28 April 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1zvh-w47t

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP³.

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Search for the rare decays of $D \to h (h^{(')}) e^{+} e^{-}$

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Search for the rare decays of D→h(h(′))e+e−

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Search for the rare decays of $D \to h (h^{(')}) e^{+} e^{-}$