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Probing the ALP-photon-dark photon interaction through the mono-photon plus missing-energy signature at a muon collider

Chong-Xing Yue*, Yang-Yang Bu†, Xin-Yang Li‡, and Feng-Xia Tang§

  • *Contact author: cxyue@lnnu.edu.cn
  • †Contact author: byy20011020@163.com
  • ‡Contact author: lxy91108@163.com
  • §Contact author: tfx280616@163.com

Phys. Rev. D 114, 075011 – Published 8 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1wph-qdt6

Abstract

The dark axion portal provides a well-motivated framework for new physics beyond the Standard Model, in which an axionlike particle (ALP) couples simultaneously to a photon and a dark photon, leading to distinctive collider signatures. In this work, we investigate the sensitivity to the a−γ−γ′ interaction via the mono-photon channel arising from μ+μ−→aγ′ with a→γγ′ at the 1.5 TeV muon collider with an integrated luminosity of L=500  fb−1 for the polarized and unpolarized beam configurations, P(μ+,μ−)=(−100%,+100%) and P(μ+,μ−)=(0,0), using detector-level simulation. The signal is characterized by a single energetic photon accompanied by missing energy as the dark photons escape detection. The projected sensitivity reaches the O(10−5)  GeV−1 level for ALP masses in the range 1  GeV≤ma≤1200  GeV for P(μ+,μ−)=(−100%,+100%), while for P(μ+,μ−)=(0,0) the projected sensitivity reaches the O(10−4)  GeV−1 level for the same ALP mass range. These results demonstrate that the mono-photon signature at a muon collider provides a sensitive probe of the a−γ−γ′ interaction over a wide mass range.

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