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  • Open Access

Spin effect in vacuum pair production under two-color rotating electric fields

Zhao-Yuan Chen1, Orkash Amat2, Jin-hui Bai1, and Mamat Ali Bake1,*

  • 1Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
  • 2School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

  • *Contact author: mabake@xju.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. D 111, 116005 – Published 6 June, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/1wms-rjwl

Abstract

We investigated the spin effect on the vacuum pair production by Dirac-Heisenberg-Wigner (DHW) formalism under two-color counterrotating electric fields. We primarily studied the combined effects of the field asymmetry, time delay, and frequency chirp on the particle momentum spectrum with and without considering the spin effect. We have observed that the vacuum pair production process demonstrates spin dependence even in a pure electric field and is sensitive to variations in the field parameters. The results indicate that the spin-dependent momentum spectrum exhibited distinct outcomes for various asymmetric fields with different chirp values and time delay. For an extended asymmetric field with large chirp and time delay, the particle number density can be increased by more than six orders of magnitude. The spin-up and spin-down particles are approximately comparable for a symmetric field with a small-frequency chirp and are dominated by the spin-up particles for a larger chirp. However, in the case of an asymmetric field, the increase in field asymmetry and the chirp parameter lead to a reversal of the spin asymmetry degree. For a shortened asymmetric electric field with a large-frequency chirp, the number of spin-up particles increases, leading to a spin asymmetry degree of 98.62%. Conversely, in an extended asymmetric field, the number of spin-down particles increases significantly, which corresponds to a spin asymmetry degree of 99.94%.

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Phys. Rev. D 111, 116005– Published 6 June, 2025
  • Received 11 January 2025
  • Accepted 15 May 2025
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