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HIGHLIGHTED ARTICLES

Domains and ferroelectric switching pathways in Ca3Ti2O7 from first principles

Elizabeth A. Nowadnick and Craig J. Fennie

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104105 (2016) - Published 8 September, 2016

Ferroelectrics that allow a coupling between the polarization and another order parameter are of great interest because they could make the electric field control of nonpolar order parameters possible. In recent years, “hybrid improper’” ferroelectrics - materials where the polarization couples to two different structural distortions - have emerged as a possible way to realize this goal. Theoretical predictions of hybrid improper ferroelectricity in layered perovskite materials were followed by its first experimental realization in Ca3Ti2O7 in 2015. However, the precise pathway by which the polarization reverses in this material during ferroelectric switching remains an open question. The authors address this question and lay the groundwork for understanding the unexpectedly complex domain structure of Ca3Ti2O7, consisting of a network of multiple types of domain walls and topological defects.

Emergent O(n) symmetry in a series of three-dimensional Potts models

Chengxiang Ding, Henk W. J. Blöte, and Youjin Deng

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104402 (2016) - Published 1 September, 2016

Scaling, universality, and renormalization are three pillars of modern critical phenomena. According to the hypothesis of universality, continuous phase transitions fall into classes mainly determined by spatial dimensionality and symmetry of the order parameter. The latter is usually reflected by the degeneracy of the ground state of the Hamiltonian. However, for certain systems at criticality, a higher symmetry emerges in the order parameter, and the associated critical behavior may become very rich. Such emergent symmetry has been found in spin ice systems, deconfined quantum critical points, high-Tc superconductors, and so forth, and are often accompanied by very interesting critical phenomena. New results presented here are based on Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling of a series of q-state Potts models on the simple cubic lattice with ferromagnetic interactions in one lattice direction and antiferromagnetic interactions in the other two directions. The staggered magnetization appears to display an emergent continuous O(n) symmetry with n=q-1, as illustrated by two-dimensional intersections of the distribution functions. Also the estimated critical exponents are consistent with the O(n=q-1) universality classes.

Magnetic-field- and pressure-induced quantum phase transition in CsFeCl3 proved via magnetization measurements

Nobuyuki Kurita and Hidekazu Tanaka

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104409 (2016) - Published 7 September, 2016

There is much interest from the physics community in materials with a gapped nonmagnetic ground state, in which quantum critical points can be reached by application of a magnetic field. Here, the authors report magnetization data as a function of temperature, field, and hydrostatic pressure for the gapped quantum magnet CsFeCl3, a quite intriguing system in which the large easy-plane single-ion anisotropy competes with the exchange interactions. They establish the phase boundary, and identify a quantum phase transition at a critical value of the pressure. It is likely that experiments by other techniques will follow this discovery of both magnetic-field and pressure-controlled transitions in this interesting compound.

Spin transport at interfaces with spin-orbit coupling: Formalism

V. P. Amin and M. D. Stiles

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104419 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Spin transport at interfaces between nonmagnets and ferromagnets plays an important role in spintronic devices. Lately, there is an increasing suspicion that spin-orbit coupling, which couples the spin and momentum of carriers, might contribute significantly to this process. Unfortunately, the existing description of spin transport at such interfaces, magnetoelectronic circuit theory, is not valid when spin-orbit coupling is present at the interface. This paper presents a generalization of magnetoelectronic circuit theory to interfaces with spin-orbit coupling. Like the original theory, this generalization describes spin transport in terms of drops in spin and charge accumulations across the interface, but also includes responses to in-plane electric fields and offsets in spin accumulations. The most important result is a description of the way in-plane electric fields generate spin accumulations, spin currents, and torques at the interface. The effects described by this generalized circuit theory impact the interpretation of experiments involving spin-orbit torques, spin pumping, spin memory loss, the Rashba-Edelstein effect, and spin Hall magnetoresistance.

Spin transport at interfaces with spin-orbit coupling: Phenomenology

V. P. Amin and M. D. Stiles

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104420 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Most spintronic devices share two features: they utilize spin-orbit coupling and they contain interfaces. While bulk spin-orbit effects are thought to be well described by phenomenological theories, interfacial spin-orbit effects are not. A theory that could describe interfacial spin-orbit effects would be useful in analyzing experiments on heavy-metal ferromagnet bilayers, which are a key feature of potential energy-efficient implementations of MRAM. To develop such a theory, the authors present the boundary conditions needed for drift-diffusion models to treat interfaces with spin-orbit coupling. Together with the drift-diffusion equations, these boundary conditions give an analytical model of spin-orbit torques caused by both the spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein effects. A key feature of these boundary conditions is that they capture spin currents generated by interfacial spin-orbit scattering. The authors validate this phenomenological approach by comparing the results with those obtained by solving the spin-dependent Boltzmann equation. They discuss the interpretation of current experiments, and describe in particular how interfacial effects give rise to torques on a nearby ferromagnetic layer even through a nonmagnetic spacer layer.

Strong magnetoelastic coupling at the transition from harmonic to anharmonic order in NaFe(WO4)2 with 3d5 configuration

S. Holbein, M. Ackermann, L. Chapon, P. Steffens, A. Gukasov, A. Sazonov, O. Breunig, Y. Sanders, P. Becker, L. Bohatý, T. Lorenz, and M. Braden

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104423 (2016) - Published 21 September, 2016

Although NaFe(WO4)2 is not multiferroic itself, the magnetic order in this S=5/2 chain material is a reference for many multiferroic materials, such as MnWO4 and RMnO3, because NaFe(WO4)2 exhibits a transition from an incommensurate spiral order to a commensurate up-up-down-down structure. Here, the authors perform a very extensive study of the magnetic properties in the this double tungstate compound at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. A complex B-T phase diagram is unveiled. Strong magnetoelastic anomalies with a relative contraction of the b lattice parameter of up to 2.6 × 10-4 are associated with the up-up-down-down ordering, which appears in the commensurate and also in the anharmonic incommensurate structure. In contrast, the transition to the magnetically ordered phase, with a purely harmonic incommensurate spiral modulation, does not cause resolvable anomalies in the thermal expansion. Thus, the strong magnetoelastic anomaly coupling can be attributed to the lifting of magnetic frustration in the up-up-down-down structure, where neighboring moments align either parallel or antiparallel, although all these bonds are equivalent in the paramagnetic state.

Normal-metal quasiparticle traps for superconducting qubits

R.-P. Riwar, A. Hosseinkhani, L. D. Burkhart, Y. Y. Gao, R. J. Schoelkopf, L. I. Glazman, and G. Catelani

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104516 (2016) - Published 20 September, 2016

Superconducting qubits are among the most promising elements for the implementation of the concept of quantum computing. Quasiparticles are an intrinsic sources of qubit decoherence, and are more generally detrimental to the operation of superconducting devices, e.g., Cooper pair pumps. Experiments reveal that quasiparticles fail to equilibrate and their density remains high even at low temperatures. Planting normal-metal traps on a superconducting device offers a way to reduce the quasiparticle density: once a quasiparticle tunnels into the normal metal and relaxes to subgap energy via inelastic processes, it cannot return to the superconductor. This paper presents a theoretical model for the time-resolved dynamics of quasiparticles injected into a qubit, and experiments with transmon qubits validating the model. The authors show that, contrary to expectations, the effective trapping rate depends on temperature, which is a consequence of the strong energy dependence of the quasiparticle density of states in the superconductor. At low temperatures, the relaxation process in the normal metal is the bottleneck limiting the effectiveness of traps. The authors also show that the trapping rate saturates for larger traps. At saturation, the rate is limited by the inverse of the time it takes for quasiparticles to diffuse across the device.

Electrodynamic duality and vortex unbinding in driven-dissipative condensates

G. Wachtel, L. M. Sieberer, S. Diehl, and E. Altman

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104520 (2016) - Published 27 September, 2016

Superfluidity in two dimensions relies on the stability of a vortex imposed by external rotation of the fluid. It is lost if the flow around the test vortex is screened by spontaneously generated free vortices. In thermal equilibrium, this occurs through a Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition, where vortex-antivortex pairs bound by Coulomb-like forces unbind only above the critical temperature. Recent experiments with exciton-polariton fluids and other driven dissipative systems raise the question of how this physics changes away from thermal equilibrium. In this paper, the authors generalize the electrostatic duality, which represents vortices as Coulomb charges, to a full electrodynamic description of the nonequilibrium system. The unbinding of vortices is analyzed within this theory using a renormalization group framework. In contrast to the equilibrium case, it is found that vortices always unbind beyond a large emergent length scale due to nonlinearities in the field dynamics. Hence, there is no superfluidity in a truly infinite driven system, while a finite system may appear as a superfluid. The heuristic derivation of the dual electrodynamics presented in this paper is supplemented by a systematic one starting from a microscopic lattice theory in a companion paper.

Lattice duality for the compact Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation

L. M. Sieberer, G. Wachtel, E. Altman, and S. Diehl

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104521 (2016) - Published 27 September, 2016

Duality transformations have a long history in physics, and recently saw a surge of renewed interest in the context of strongly correlated fermion systems. A prime example for such a transformation was established to describe the phase transition in two-dimensional superfluids in thermal equilibrium. Here, Kosterlitz and Thouless developed a dual representation of the superfluid, which maps the vortices in the latter to charges in a Coulomb gas. In this framework, the dissociation of vortex-antivortex pairs at the critical temperature corresponds to the formation of a plasma of free charges. How can such a framework be leveraged over to nonequilibrium situations, relevant to the understanding of driven open fluids of light such as exciton-polariton systems? In this work, the authors make a crucial step in this direction by deriving a transformation that maps the stochastic equation of motion for the phase of a driven open condensate — the compact Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (cKPZ) equation — to a dual electrodynamic theory. This results in modified, and in particular, nonlinear Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic fields, and a diffusion equation for the charges representing vortices in the cKPZ equation. In a companion paper, the authors apply this theoretical framework to the study of nonequilibrium vortex unbinding.

RAPID COMMUNICATIONS

Structure, structural phase transitions, mechanical properties, defects

Coupling of bias-induced crystallographic shear planes with charged domain walls in ferroelectric oxide thin films

Myung-Geun Han, Joseph A. Garlow, Matthieu Bugnet, Simon Divilov, Matthew S. J. Marshall, Lijun Wu, Matthew Dawber, Marivi Fernandez-Serra, Gianluigi A. Botton, Sang-Wook Cheong, Frederick J. Walker, Charles H. Ahn, and Yimei Zhu

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100101(R) (2016) - Published 2 September, 2016

Large effects of subtle electronic correlations on the energetics of vacancies in α-Fe

Pascal Delange, Thomas Ayral, Sergei I. Simak, Michel Ferrero, Olivier Parcollet, Silke Biermann, and Leonid Pourovskii

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100102(R) (2016) - Published 21 September, 2016

Switching the curl of polarization vectors by an irrotational electric field

Fei Xue, Linze Li, Jason Britson, Zijian Hong, Colin Andrew Heikes, Carolina Adamo, Darrell G. Schlom, Xiaoqing Pan, and Long-Qing Chen

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100103(R) (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Enhanced electrocaloric cooling in ferroelectric single crystals by electric field reversal

Yang-Bin Ma, Nikola Novak, Jurij Koruza, Tongqing Yang, Karsten Albe, and Bai-Xiang Xu

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100104(R) (2016) - Published 29 September, 2016

Scattering problems in elastodynamics

Andre Diatta, Muamer Kadic, Martin Wegener, and Sebastien Guenneau

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100105(R) (2016) - Published 30 September, 2016

Magnetism

Disordered dimer state in electron-doped Sr3Ir2O7

Tom Hogan, Rebecca Dally, Mary Upton, J. P. Clancy, Kenneth Finkelstein, Young-June Kim, M. J. Graf, and Stephen D. Wilson

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100401(R) (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Electrical measurement of magnetic-field-impeded polarity switching of a ferromagnetic vortex core

Manu Sushruth, Jasper P. Fried, Abdelmadjid Anane, Stephane Xavier, Cyrile Deranlot, Mikhail Kostylev, Vincent Cros, and Peter J. Metaxas

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100402(R) (2016) - Published 8 September, 2016

Bose glass behavior in (Yb1−xLux)4As3 representing randomly diluted quantum spin-12 chains

G. Kamieniarz, R. Matysiak, P. Gegenwart, A. Ochiai, and F. Steglich

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100403(R) (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Probing ultrafast spin dynamics through a magnon resonance in the antiferromagnetic multiferroic HoMnO3

P. Bowlan, S. A. Trugman, J. Bowlan, J.-X. Zhu, N. J. Hur, A. J. Taylor, D. A. Yarotski, and R. P. Prasankumar

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100404(R) (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Ab initio cycloidal and chiral magnetoelectric responses in Cr2O3

Natalie Tillack, Jonathan R. Yates, and Paolo G. Radaelli

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100405(R) (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Superfluidity and superconductivity

Majorana fermions at odd junctions in a wire network of ferromagnetic impurities

Kristofer Björnson and Annica M. Black-Schaffer

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100501(R) (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Superfluid behavior of quasi-one-dimensional p−H2 inside a carbon nanotube

Maurizio Rossi and Francesco Ancilotto

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100502(R) (2016) - Published 15 September, 2016

Upper critical field and quantum oscillations in tetragonal superconducting FeS

Taichi Terashima, Naoki Kikugawa, Hai Lin, Xiyu Zhu, Hai-Hu Wen, Takuya Nomoto, Katsuhiro Suzuki, Hiroaki Ikeda, and Shinya Uji

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100503(R) (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Nodal superconductivity in FeS: Evidence from quasiparticle heat transport

T. P. Ying, X. F. Lai, X. C. Hong, Y. Xu, L. P. He, J. Zhang, M. X. Wang, Y. J. Yu, F. Q. Huang, and S. Y. Li

Phys. Rev. B 94, 100504(R) (2016) - Published 29 September, 2016

ARTICLES

Structure, structural phase transitions, mechanical properties, defects

Strain-driven oxygen deficiency in multiferroic SrMnO3 thin films

P. Agrawal, J. Guo, P. Yu, C. Hébert, D. Passerone, R. Erni, and M. D. Rossell

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104101 (2016) - Published 1 September, 2016

X-ray diffraction of molybdenum under ramp compression to 1 TPa

Jue Wang, Federica Coppari, Raymond F. Smith, Jon H. Eggert, Amy E. Lazicki, Dayne E. Fratanduono, J. Ryan Rygg, Thomas R. Boehly, Gilbert W. Collins, and Thomas S. Duffy

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104102 (2016) - Published 1 September, 2016

Stabilization and strengthening effects of functional groups in two-dimensional titanium carbide

Z. H. Fu, Q. F. Zhang, D. Legut, C. Si, T. C. Germann, T. Lookman, S. Y. Du, J. S. Francisco, and R. F. Zhang

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104103 (2016) - Published 2 September, 2016

Interferroelectric transition as another manifestation of intrinsic size effect in ferroelectrics

Bastola Narayan, Y. A. Sorb, B. Loukya, Atanu Samanta, Anatoliy Senyshyn, Ranjan Datta, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Chandrabhas Narayana, and Rajeev Ranjan

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104104 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Domains and ferroelectric switching pathways in Ca3Ti2O7 from first principles

Elizabeth A. Nowadnick and Craig J. Fennie

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104105 (2016) - Published 8 September, 2016

Ferroelectrics that allow a coupling between the polarization and another order parameter are of great interest because they could make the electric field control of nonpolar order parameters possible. In recent years, “hybrid improper’” ferroelectrics - materials where the polarization couples to two different structural distortions - have emerged as a possible way to realize this goal. Theoretical predictions of hybrid improper ferroelectricity in layered perovskite materials were followed by its first experimental realization in Ca3Ti2O7 in 2015. However, the precise pathway by which the polarization reverses in this material during ferroelectric switching remains an open question. The authors address this question and lay the groundwork for understanding the unexpectedly complex domain structure of Ca3Ti2O7, consisting of a network of multiple types of domain walls and topological defects.

High-throughput combinatorial study of the effect of M site alloying on the solid solution behavior of M2AlC MAX phases

Anjana Talapatra, T. Duong, W. Son, H. Gao, M. Radovic, and R. Arróyave

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104106 (2016) - Published 9 September, 2016

Role of quantum ion dynamics in the melting of lithium

S. F. Elatresh, S. A. Bonev, E. Gregoryanz, and N. W. Ashcroft

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104107 (2016) - Published 9 September, 2016

Structural transformations in morphotropic-phase-boundary composition of the lead-free piezoelectric system Ba(Ti0.8Zr0.2)O3−(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3

Kumar Brajesh, Mulualem Abebe, and Rajeev Ranjan

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104108 (2016) - Published 9 September, 2016

Interplay between interstitial displacement and displacive lattice transformations

Xie Zhang, Tilmann Hickel, Jutta Rogal, and Jörg Neugebauer

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104109 (2016) - Published 12 September, 2016

Mechanism transition and strong temperature dependence of dislocation nucleation from grain boundaries: An accelerated molecular dynamics study

Jun-Ping Du, Yun-Jiang Wang, Yu-Chieh Lo, Liang Wan, and Shigenobu Ogata

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104110 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Atomic configuration and properties of austenitic steels at finite temperature: Effect of longitudinal spin fluctuations

A. V. Ruban and M. Dehghani

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104111 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Carbonates at high pressures: Possible carriers for deep carbon reservoirs in the Earth's lower mantle

M. L. Marcondes, J. F. Justo, and L. V. C. Assali

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104112 (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Static and dynamic properties of low-temperature order in the one-dimensional semiconductor (NbSe4)3I

D. Dominko, S. Vdović, H. Skenderović, D. Starešinić, K. Biljaković, D. Ristić, M. Ivanda, J. E. Lorenzo, and J. Demsar

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104113 (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Higher-order elastic constants and megabar pressure effects of bcc tungsten: Ab initio calculations

Yu. Kh. Vekilov, O. M. Krasilnikov, A. V. Lugovskoy, and Yu. E. Lozovik

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104114 (2016) - Published 29 September, 2016

Inhomogeneous, disordered, and partially ordered systems

Relaxor ferroeletric behavior in Sr1−xPrxTiO3: Cooperation between polar and antiferrodistortive instabilities

Stefano Checchia, Mattia Allieta, Mauro Coduri, Michela Brunelli, and Marco Scavini

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104201 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Localization transition in one dimension using Wegner flow equations

Victor L. Quito, Paraj Titum, David Pekker, and Gil Refael

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104202 (2016) - Published 19 September, 2016

Transition from stress-driven to thermally activated stress relaxation in metallic glasses

J. C. Qiao, Yun-Jiang Wang, L. Z. Zhao, L. H. Dai, D. Crespo, J. M. Pelletier, L. M. Keer, and Y. Yao

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104203 (2016) - Published 21 September, 2016

Dynamics, dynamical systems, lattice effects

Hyperbolic waveguide for long-distance transport of near-field heat flux

Riccardo Messina, Philippe Ben-Abdallah, Brahim Guizal, Mauro Antezza, and Svend-Age Biehs

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104301 (2016) - Published 2 September, 2016

Shift-current-induced strain waves in LiNbO3 mapped by femtosecond x-ray diffraction

Marcel Holtz, Christoph Hauf, Antonio-Andres Hernández Salvador, Rene Costard, Michael Woerner, and Thomas Elsaesser

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104302 (2016) - Published 19 September, 2016

Ab initio study of Cu impurity diffusion in bulk TiN

Anton S. Bochkarev, Maxim N. Popov, Vsevolod I. Razumovskiy, Jürgen Spitaler, and Peter Puschnig

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104303 (2016) - Published 21 September, 2016

Three-mode coupling interference patterns in the dynamic structure factor of a relaxor ferroelectric

M. E. Manley, D. L. Abernathy, R. Sahul, P. J. Stonaha, and J. D. Budai

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104304 (2016) - Published 22 September, 2016

Impact of anharmonic effects on the phase stability, thermal transport, and electronic properties of AlN

Nina Shulumba, Zamaan Raza, Olle Hellman, Erik Janzén, Igor A. Abrikosov, and Magnus Odén

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104305 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Attenuation of 7 GHz surface acoustic waves on silicon

Dongyao Li and David G. Cahill

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104306 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Magnetism

Free coherent spinons in quantum square ice

Stefanos Kourtis and Claudio Castelnovo

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104401 (2016) - Published 1 September, 2016

Emergent O(n) symmetry in a series of three-dimensional Potts models

Chengxiang Ding, Henk W. J. Blöte, and Youjin Deng

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104402 (2016) - Published 1 September, 2016

Scaling, universality, and renormalization are three pillars of modern critical phenomena. According to the hypothesis of universality, continuous phase transitions fall into classes mainly determined by spatial dimensionality and symmetry of the order parameter. The latter is usually reflected by the degeneracy of the ground state of the Hamiltonian. However, for certain systems at criticality, a higher symmetry emerges in the order parameter, and the associated critical behavior may become very rich. Such emergent symmetry has been found in spin ice systems, deconfined quantum critical points, high-Tc superconductors, and so forth, and are often accompanied by very interesting critical phenomena. New results presented here are based on Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling of a series of q-state Potts models on the simple cubic lattice with ferromagnetic interactions in one lattice direction and antiferromagnetic interactions in the other two directions. The staggered magnetization appears to display an emergent continuous O(n) symmetry with n=q-1, as illustrated by two-dimensional intersections of the distribution functions. Also the estimated critical exponents are consistent with the O(n=q-1) universality classes.

Possibility of an unconventional spin state of Ir4+ in Ba21Ir9O43 single crystal

L. Yang, M. Jeong, A. Arakcheeva, I. Živković, B. Náfrádi, A. Magrez, A. Pisoni, J. Jacimovic, V. M. Katukuri, S. Katrych, N. E. Shaik, O. V. Yazyev, L. Forró, and H. M. Rønnow

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104403 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

First-principles evaluation of intrinsic, side-jump, and skew-scattering parts of anomalous Hall conductivities in disordered alloys

K. Hyodo, A. Sakuma, and Y. Kota

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104404 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Simultaneous resolution of the micromagnetic and spin transport equations applied to current-induced domain wall dynamics

M. Sturma, C. Bellegarde, J.-C. Toussaint, and D. Gusakova

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104405 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Extended skyrmion lattice scattering and long-time memory in the chiral magnet Fe1−xCoxSi

L. J. Bannenberg, K. Kakurai, F. Qian, E. Lelièvre-Berna, C. D. Dewhurst, Y. Onose, Y. Endoh, Y. Tokura, and C. Pappas

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104406 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Laser-initiated magnetization reversal and correlated morphological effects visualized with in situ Fresnel transmission electron microscopy

Karl B. Schliep, Jun-Yang Chen, Mo Li, Jian-Ping Wang, and David J. Flannigan

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104407 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Magnetic anisotropy and the phase diagram of chiral MnSb2O6

J. Werner, C. Koo, R. Klingeler, A. N. Vasiliev, Y. A. Ovchenkov, A. S. Polovkova, G. V. Raganyan, and E. A. Zvereva

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104408 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Magnetic-field- and pressure-induced quantum phase transition in CsFeCl3 proved via magnetization measurements

Nobuyuki Kurita and Hidekazu Tanaka

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104409 (2016) - Published 7 September, 2016

There is much interest from the physics community in materials with a gapped nonmagnetic ground state, in which quantum critical points can be reached by application of a magnetic field. Here, the authors report magnetization data as a function of temperature, field, and hydrostatic pressure for the gapped quantum magnet CsFeCl3, a quite intriguing system in which the large easy-plane single-ion anisotropy competes with the exchange interactions. They establish the phase boundary, and identify a quantum phase transition at a critical value of the pressure. It is likely that experiments by other techniques will follow this discovery of both magnetic-field and pressure-controlled transitions in this interesting compound.

Thermally induced magnonic spin current, thermomagnonic torques, and domain-wall dynamics in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

X.-G. Wang, L. Chotorlishvili, G.-H. Guo, A. Sukhov, V. Dugaev, J. Barnaś, and J. Berakdar

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104410 (2016) - Published 9 September, 2016

Spin Hall effect induced spin transfer through an insulator

Wei Chen, Manfred Sigrist, and Dirk Manske

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104412 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Spin structure factors of chiral quantum spin liquids on the kagome lattice

Jad C. Halimeh and Matthias Punk

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104413 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Large magnetic cooling power involving frustrated antiferromagnetic spin-glass state in R2NiSi3(R=Gd,Er)

Santanu Pakhira, Chandan Mazumdar, R. Ranganathan, S. Giri, and Maxim Avdeev

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104414 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Complex spin configurations in hybrid magnetic multilayer structures due to mutual spin imprinting

Matthew T. Bryan, Georg Heldt, Thomas Thomson, Laura J. Heyderman, and Gino Hrkac

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104415 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Out-of-equilibrium dynamics and extended textures of topological defects in spin ice

M. Udagawa, L. D. C. Jaubert, C. Castelnovo, and R. Moessner

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104416 (2016) - Published 15 September, 2016

Microscopic calculation of thermally induced spin-transfer torques

Hiroshi Kohno, Yuuki Hiraoka, Moosa Hatami, and Gerrit E. W. Bauer

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104417 (2016) - Published 15 September, 2016

First-principles investigation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy at the L21 full Heusler|MgO interfaces and tunnel junctions

Rajasekarakumar Vadapoo, Ali Hallal, Hongxin Yang, and Mairbek Chshiev

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104418 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Spin transport at interfaces with spin-orbit coupling: Formalism

V. P. Amin and M. D. Stiles

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104419 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Spin transport at interfaces between nonmagnets and ferromagnets plays an important role in spintronic devices. Lately, there is an increasing suspicion that spin-orbit coupling, which couples the spin and momentum of carriers, might contribute significantly to this process. Unfortunately, the existing description of spin transport at such interfaces, magnetoelectronic circuit theory, is not valid when spin-orbit coupling is present at the interface. This paper presents a generalization of magnetoelectronic circuit theory to interfaces with spin-orbit coupling. Like the original theory, this generalization describes spin transport in terms of drops in spin and charge accumulations across the interface, but also includes responses to in-plane electric fields and offsets in spin accumulations. The most important result is a description of the way in-plane electric fields generate spin accumulations, spin currents, and torques at the interface. The effects described by this generalized circuit theory impact the interpretation of experiments involving spin-orbit torques, spin pumping, spin memory loss, the Rashba-Edelstein effect, and spin Hall magnetoresistance.

Spin transport at interfaces with spin-orbit coupling: Phenomenology

V. P. Amin and M. D. Stiles

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104420 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Most spintronic devices share two features: they utilize spin-orbit coupling and they contain interfaces. While bulk spin-orbit effects are thought to be well described by phenomenological theories, interfacial spin-orbit effects are not. A theory that could describe interfacial spin-orbit effects would be useful in analyzing experiments on heavy-metal ferromagnet bilayers, which are a key feature of potential energy-efficient implementations of MRAM. To develop such a theory, the authors present the boundary conditions needed for drift-diffusion models to treat interfaces with spin-orbit coupling. Together with the drift-diffusion equations, these boundary conditions give an analytical model of spin-orbit torques caused by both the spin Hall and Rashba-Edelstein effects. A key feature of these boundary conditions is that they capture spin currents generated by interfacial spin-orbit scattering. The authors validate this phenomenological approach by comparing the results with those obtained by solving the spin-dependent Boltzmann equation. They discuss the interpretation of current experiments, and describe in particular how interfacial effects give rise to torques on a nearby ferromagnetic layer even through a nonmagnetic spacer layer.

Magnon-phonon coupling and two-magnon continuum in the two-dimensional triangular antiferromagnet CuCrO2

Kisoo Park, Joosung Oh, Jonathan C. Leiner, Jaehong Jeong, Kirrily C. Rule, Manh Duc Le, and Je-Geun Park

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104421 (2016) - Published 19 September, 2016

Multiple relaxation times in single-molecule magnets

Le Tuan Anh Ho and Liviu F. Chibotaru

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104422 (2016) - Published 20 September, 2016

Strong magnetoelastic coupling at the transition from harmonic to anharmonic order in NaFe(WO4)2 with 3d5 configuration

S. Holbein, M. Ackermann, L. Chapon, P. Steffens, A. Gukasov, A. Sazonov, O. Breunig, Y. Sanders, P. Becker, L. Bohatý, T. Lorenz, and M. Braden

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104423 (2016) - Published 21 September, 2016

Although NaFe(WO4)2 is not multiferroic itself, the magnetic order in this S=5/2 chain material is a reference for many multiferroic materials, such as MnWO4 and RMnO3, because NaFe(WO4)2 exhibits a transition from an incommensurate spiral order to a commensurate up-up-down-down structure. Here, the authors perform a very extensive study of the magnetic properties in the this double tungstate compound at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. A complex B-T phase diagram is unveiled. Strong magnetoelastic anomalies with a relative contraction of the b lattice parameter of up to 2.6 × 10-4 are associated with the up-up-down-down ordering, which appears in the commensurate and also in the anharmonic incommensurate structure. In contrast, the transition to the magnetically ordered phase, with a purely harmonic incommensurate spiral modulation, does not cause resolvable anomalies in the thermal expansion. Thus, the strong magnetoelastic anomaly coupling can be attributed to the lifting of magnetic frustration in the up-up-down-down structure, where neighboring moments align either parallel or antiparallel, although all these bonds are equivalent in the paramagnetic state.

Annealing temperature and thickness dependencies of structural and magnetic properties of Co2FeAl thin films

M. Belmeguenai, M. S. Gabor, F. Zighem, Y. Roussigné, D. Faurie, and C. Tiusan

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104424 (2016) - Published 22 September, 2016

Numerical study of the influence of interfacial roughness on the exchange bias properties of ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic bilayers

J. Moritz, P. Bacher, and B. Dieny

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104425 (2016) - Published 22 September, 2016

Hydrogen-induced ferromagnetism in two-dimensional Pt dichalcogenides

P. Manchanda, A. Enders, D. J. Sellmyer, and R. Skomski

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104426 (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Resonant Raman scattering theory for Kitaev models and their Majorana fermion boundary modes

Brent Perreault, Johannes Knolle, Natalia B. Perkins, and F. J. Burnell

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104427 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Free- and reference-layer magnetization modes versus in-plane magnetic field in a magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic easy axis

Hamid Mazraati, Tuan Q. Le, Ahmad A. Awad, Sunjae Chung, Eriko Hirayama, Shoji Ikeda, Fumihiro Matsukura, Hideo Ohno, and Johan Åkerman

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104428 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Charge and spin order in the perovskite CaFe0.5Mn0.5O3: Charge disproportionation behavior of randomly arranged Fe4+

Yoshiteru Hosaka, Noriya Ichikawa, Takashi Saito, J. Paul Attfield, and Yuichi Shimakawa

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104429 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Quantum origins of moment fragmentation in Nd2Zr2O7

Owen Benton

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104430 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Probing the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in CoFeB ultrathin films using domain wall creep and Brillouin light spectroscopy

R. Soucaille, M. Belmeguenai, J. Torrejon, J.-V. Kim, T. Devolder, Y. Roussigné, S.-M. Chérif, A. A. Stashkevich, M. Hayashi, and J.-P. Adam

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104431 (2016) - Published 26 September, 2016

Various disordered ground states and 13 magnetization-plateau-like behavior in the S=12 Ti3+ kagome lattice antiferromagnets Rb2NaTi3F12, Cs2NaTi3F12, and Cs2KTi3F12

Masato Goto, Hiroaki Ueda, Chishiro Michioka, Akira Matsuo, Koichi Kindo, and Kazuyoshi Yoshimura

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104432 (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Temperature-dependent exchange stiffness and domain wall width in Co

R. Moreno, R. F. L. Evans, S. Khmelevskyi, M. C. Muñoz, R. W. Chantrell, and O. Chubykalo-Fesenko

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104433 (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Pattern formation in skyrmionic materials with anisotropic environments

Julian Hagemeister, Elena Y. Vedmedenko, and Roland Wiesendanger

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104434 (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Long-range magnetic order and interchain interactions in the S=2 chain system MnCl3(bpy)

Randy S. Fishman, Shin-ichi Shinozaki, Akira Okutani, Daichi Yoshizawa, Takanori Kida, Masayuki Hagiwara, and Mark W. Meisel

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104435 (2016) - Published 28 September, 2016

Spin and orbital disordering by hole doping in Pr1−xCaxVO3

M. Reehuis, C. Ulrich, P. M. Abdala, P. Pattison, G. Khaliullin, J. Fujioka, S. Miyasaka, Y. Tokura, and B. Keimer

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104436 (2016) - Published 29 September, 2016

Superfluidity and superconductivity

Identifying detrimental effects for multiorbital superconductivity: Application to Sr2RuO4

Aline Ramires and Manfred Sigrist

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104501 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Theory of a weak-link superconductor-ferromagnet Josephson structure

J. Gelhausen and M. Eschrig

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104502 (2016) - Published 6 September, 2016

Rh2Mo3N: Noncentrosymmetric s-wave superconductor

Wensen Wei, G. J. Zhao, D. R. Kim, Chiming Jin, J. L. Zhang, Langsheng Ling, Lei Zhang, Haifeng Du, T. Y. Chen, Jiadong Zang, Mingliang Tian, C. L. Chien, and Yuheng Zhang

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104503 (2016) - Published 7 September, 2016

Field theoretical model of multilayered Josephson junction and dynamics of Josephson vortices

Toshiaki Fujimori, Hideaki Iida, and Muneto Nitta

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104504 (2016) - Published 8 September, 2016

Antiferromagnetism enables electron-phonon coupling in iron-based superconductors

Sinisa Coh, Marvin L. Cohen, and Steven G. Louie

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104505 (2016) - Published 12 September, 2016

Kondo effect modified by Majorana doublet at end of a DIII-class topological superconductor

Zhen Gao and Wei-Jiang Gong

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104506 (2016) - Published 12 September, 2016

Enhanced high-pressure superconductivity and local structure of the Ba8Si46 clathrate

F. Morales, M. Núñez-Regueiro, P. Toulemonde, D. Machon, S. Le Floch, V. Pischedda, P. Lagarde, A.-M. Flank, J. P. Itié, and A. San-Miguel

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104507 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Cooperon condensation and intravalley pairing states in honeycomb Dirac systems

Shunji Tsuchiya, Jun Goryo, Emiko Arahata, and Manfred Sigrist

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104508 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Lattices of double-quanta vortices and chirality inversion in px+ipy superconductors

Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev, Troels Arnfred Bojesen, and Asle Sudbø

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104509 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Observation of high-Tc superconductivity in rectangular FeSe/SrTiO3(110) monolayers

P. Zhang, X.-L. Peng, T. Qian, P. Richard, X. Shi, J.-Z. Ma, B. B. Fu, Y.-L. Guo, Z. Q. Han, S. C. Wang, L. L. Wang, Q.-K. Xue, J. P. Hu, Y.-J. Sun, and H. Ding

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104510 (2016) - Published 13 September, 2016

Prediction of superconducting transition temperatures of heterostructures based on the quasiparticle spectrum

Gábor Csire, József Cserti, István Tüttő, and Balázs Újfalussy

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104511 (2016) - Published 14 September, 2016

Superconducting properties of noncentrosymmetric Nb0.18Re0.82 thin films probed by transport and tunneling experiments

C. Cirillo, G. Carapella, M. Salvato, R. Arpaia, M. Caputo, and C. Attanasio

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104512 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

From chiral d-wave to nodal line superconductivity in the harmonic honeycomb lattices

Johann Schmidt, Adrien Bouhon, and Annica M. Black-Schaffer

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104513 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Shubnikov-de Haas quantum oscillations reveal a reconstructed Fermi surface near optimal doping in a thin film of the cuprate superconductor Pr1.86Ce0.14CuO4±δ

Nicholas P. Breznay, Ian M. Hayes, B. J. Ramshaw, Ross D. McDonald, Yoshiharu Krockenberger, Ai Ikeda, Hiroshi Irie, Hideki Yamamoto, and James G. Analytis

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104514 (2016) - Published 16 September, 2016

Coupled commensurate charge density wave and lattice distortion in Na2Ti2Pn2O(Pn=As,Sb) determined by x-ray diffraction and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

N. R. Davies, R. D. Johnson, A. J. Princep, L. A. Gannon, J.-Z. Ma, T. Qian, P. Richard, H. Li, M. Shi, H. Nowell, P. J. Baker, Y. G. Shi, H. Ding, J. Luo, Y. F. Guo, and A. T. Boothroyd

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104515 (2016) - Published 19 September, 2016

Normal-metal quasiparticle traps for superconducting qubits

R.-P. Riwar, A. Hosseinkhani, L. D. Burkhart, Y. Y. Gao, R. J. Schoelkopf, L. I. Glazman, and G. Catelani

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104516 (2016) - Published 20 September, 2016

Superconducting qubits are among the most promising elements for the implementation of the concept of quantum computing. Quasiparticles are an intrinsic sources of qubit decoherence, and are more generally detrimental to the operation of superconducting devices, e.g., Cooper pair pumps. Experiments reveal that quasiparticles fail to equilibrate and their density remains high even at low temperatures. Planting normal-metal traps on a superconducting device offers a way to reduce the quasiparticle density: once a quasiparticle tunnels into the normal metal and relaxes to subgap energy via inelastic processes, it cannot return to the superconductor. This paper presents a theoretical model for the time-resolved dynamics of quasiparticles injected into a qubit, and experiments with transmon qubits validating the model. The authors show that, contrary to expectations, the effective trapping rate depends on temperature, which is a consequence of the strong energy dependence of the quasiparticle density of states in the superconductor. At low temperatures, the relaxation process in the normal metal is the bottleneck limiting the effectiveness of traps. The authors also show that the trapping rate saturates for larger traps. At saturation, the rate is limited by the inverse of the time it takes for quasiparticles to diffuse across the device.

Disentangling the surface and bulk electronic structures of LaOFeAs

P. Zhang, J. Ma, T. Qian, Y. G. Shi, A. V. Fedorov, J. D. Denlinger, X. X. Wu, J. P. Hu, P. Richard, and H. Ding

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104517 (2016) - Published 20 September, 2016

Classification of magnetic inhomogeneities and 0−π transitions in superconducting-magnetic hybrid structures

Thomas E. Baker, Adam Richie-Halford, and Andreas Bill

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104518 (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Topological superconductivity and anti-Shiba states in disordered chains of magnetic adatoms

Alex Westström, Kim Pöyhönen, and Teemu Ojanen

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104519 (2016) - Published 23 September, 2016

Electrodynamic duality and vortex unbinding in driven-dissipative condensates

G. Wachtel, L. M. Sieberer, S. Diehl, and E. Altman

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104520 (2016) - Published 27 September, 2016

Superfluidity in two dimensions relies on the stability of a vortex imposed by external rotation of the fluid. It is lost if the flow around the test vortex is screened by spontaneously generated free vortices. In thermal equilibrium, this occurs through a Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition, where vortex-antivortex pairs bound by Coulomb-like forces unbind only above the critical temperature. Recent experiments with exciton-polariton fluids and other driven dissipative systems raise the question of how this physics changes away from thermal equilibrium. In this paper, the authors generalize the electrostatic duality, which represents vortices as Coulomb charges, to a full electrodynamic description of the nonequilibrium system. The unbinding of vortices is analyzed within this theory using a renormalization group framework. In contrast to the equilibrium case, it is found that vortices always unbind beyond a large emergent length scale due to nonlinearities in the field dynamics. Hence, there is no superfluidity in a truly infinite driven system, while a finite system may appear as a superfluid. The heuristic derivation of the dual electrodynamics presented in this paper is supplemented by a systematic one starting from a microscopic lattice theory in a companion paper.

Lattice duality for the compact Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation

L. M. Sieberer, G. Wachtel, E. Altman, and S. Diehl

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104521 (2016) - Published 27 September, 2016

Duality transformations have a long history in physics, and recently saw a surge of renewed interest in the context of strongly correlated fermion systems. A prime example for such a transformation was established to describe the phase transition in two-dimensional superfluids in thermal equilibrium. Here, Kosterlitz and Thouless developed a dual representation of the superfluid, which maps the vortices in the latter to charges in a Coulomb gas. In this framework, the dissociation of vortex-antivortex pairs at the critical temperature corresponds to the formation of a plasma of free charges. How can such a framework be leveraged over to nonequilibrium situations, relevant to the understanding of driven open fluids of light such as exciton-polariton systems? In this work, the authors make a crucial step in this direction by deriving a transformation that maps the stochastic equation of motion for the phase of a driven open condensate — the compact Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (cKPZ) equation — to a dual electrodynamic theory. This results in modified, and in particular, nonlinear Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic fields, and a diffusion equation for the charges representing vortices in the cKPZ equation. In a companion paper, the authors apply this theoretical framework to the study of nonequilibrium vortex unbinding.

Nodal-line pairing with 1D-3D coupled Fermi surfaces: A model motivated by Cr-based superconductors

Gideon Wachtel and Yong Baek Kim

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104522 (2016) - Published 29 September, 2016

Fermionic boundary modes in two-dimensional noncentrosymmetric superconductors

K. V. Samokhin and S. P. Mukherjee

Phys. Rev. B 94, 104523 (2016) - Published 30 September, 2016

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