Sliding ferroelectricity in van der Waals materials exhibits ultrafast polarization switching dynamics and high endurance, offering an avenue for the design of memories and neuromorphic devices. The unique polarization switching behaviors originate from the distinct characteristics of a domain wall (DW), which possesses broader width and faster motion compared to that of conventional ferroelectrics. Herein, using machine-learning-assisted molecular dynamic simulations and field theory analysis, we predict a soliton-like DW motion in sliding ferroelectric $3R\text{−}\mathrm{Mo}{\mathrm{S}}_2$ with nearly zero damping. It is found that the DW in sliding ferroelectrics exhibits uniformly accelerated motion under an external field, with its velocity ultimately reaching the relativistic-like limit due to continuous acceleration. Remarkably, the DW velocity remains constant even after the external field removal, completely deviating from the velocity breakdown observed in conventional ferroelectrics. The inertial DW motion with ultralow damping provides opportunities for applications of sliding ferroelectrics in memory devices based on DW engineering.

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• Domain wall motion
• Ferroelectrics
• 2-dimensional systems
• Transition metal dichalcogenides
• Density functional theory
• Machine learning
• Molecular dynamics
• Solitons