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  • Letter

Unconventional Josephson supercurrent diode effect induced by chiral spin-orbit coupling

Andreas Costa1,*, Osamu Kanehira2, Hiroaki Matsueda2,3, and Jaroslav Fabian1

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
  • 2Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
  • 3Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Sendai 980-8577, Japan

  • *Contact author: andreas.costa@physik.uni-regensburg.de

Phys. Rev. B 111, L140506 – Published 17 April, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.111.L140506

Abstract

Chiral materials lacking mirror symmetry can exhibit unconventional spin-orbit fields, including fully momentum-aligned radial Rashba fields as seen in twisted van der Waals homobilayers. We theoretically study Cooper-pair transfer in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor Josephson junctions with crossed (tangential and radial) interfacial Rashba fields. We find that their interplay leads to what we call the unconventional supercurrent diode effect (SDE), where supercurrent rectification occurs even with collinear (with respect to the current) barrier magnetization, not possible for conventional spin-orbit fields. This SDE, distinct from conventional Rashba-induced effects on Cooper-pair momenta, arises from the spin precession in the magnetic barrier. We propose it as a sensitive probe of chiral spin textures.

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