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Orbital pumping by magnetization dynamics in ferromagnets

Dongwook Go1,2,*, Kazuya Ando3,4,5, Armando Pezo6, Stefan Blügel1, Aurélien Manchon7, and Yuriy Mokrousov1,2

  • *Contact author: d.go@fz-juelich.de
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Phys. Rev. B 111, L140409 – Published 16 April, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.111.L140409

Abstract

We show that dynamics of the magnetization in ferromagnets can pump orbital angular momentum, a phenomenon we refer to as orbital pumping. This is the reciprocal phenomenon to orbital torque that induces magnetization dynamics by the orbital angular momentum in nonequilibrium. The orbital pumping is analogous to the spin pumping established in spintronics, but it requires spin-orbit coupling for the orbital angular momentum to interact with magnetization. We develop a formalism that describes the generation of orbital angular momentum by magnetization dynamics within the adiabatic perturbation theory. Based on this, we perform first-principles calculations of orbital pumping in prototypical 3d ferromagnets, Fe, Co, and Ni. Results show that the ratio between orbital pumping and spin pumping ranges from 5% to 15%, being smallest in Fe and largest in Ni. This implies that ferromagnetic Ni is a good candidate for measuring the orbital pumping. Implications of our results on experiments are also discussed.

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See Also

Adiabatic spin and orbital pumping in metallic heterostructures

Armando Pezo, Dongwook Go, Yuriy Mokrousov, Henri Jaffrès, and Aurélien Manchon
Phys. Rev. B 111, 134424 (2025)

Article Text

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Phys. Rev. B 111, L140409– Published 16 April, 2025
  • Received 9 March 2024
  • Revised 21 May 2024
  • Accepted 18 March 2025
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