Evidence for deconfined <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math> gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

Maxime Dupont; Snir Gazit; Thomas Scaffidi

doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.103.L140412

Letter

Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

Maxime Dupont ^1,2, Snir Gazit³, and Thomas Scaffidi⁴

¹Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
²Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
³Racah Institute of Physics and the Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
⁴Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada

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Phys. Rev. B 103, L140412 – Published 30 April, 2021Erratum Phys. Rev. B 107, 179901 (2023)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.L140412

Abstract

Building on quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we study the phase diagram of a one-parameter Hamiltonian interpolating between trivial and topological Ising paramagnets in two dimensions, which are dual to the toric code and the double semion. We discover an intermediate phase with stripe order which spontaneously breaks the protecting Ising symmetry. Remarkably, we find evidence that this intervening phase is gapless due to the incommensurability of the stripe pattern and that it is dual to a $U (1)$ gauge theory exhibiting Cantor deconfinement.

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Erratum

Erratum: Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion [Phys. Rev. B 103, L140412 (2021)]

Maxime Dupont, Snir Gazit, and Thomas Scaffidi

Phys. Rev. B 107, 179901 (2023)

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Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Erratum

Erratum: Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion [Phys. Rev. B 103, L140412 (2021)]

See Also

From trivial to topological paramagnets: The case of $Z_{2}$ and $Z_{2}^{3}$ symmetries in two dimensions

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Evidence for deconfined U(1) gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Erratum

Erratum: Evidence for deconfined U(1) gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion [Phys. Rev. B 103, L140412 (2021)]

See Also

From trivial to topological paramagnets: The case of Z2 and Z23 symmetries in two dimensions

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Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion

Erratum: Evidence for deconfined $U (1)$ gauge theory at the transition between toric code and double semion [Phys. Rev. B 103, L140412 (2021)]

From trivial to topological paramagnets: The case of $Z_{2}$ and $Z_{2}^{3}$ symmetries in two dimensions