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Signatures of three-dimensional photoinduced superconductivity in ${YBa}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{6.48}$

M. Rosenberg ^1,*, D. Nicoletti ^1,†, M. Buzzi ¹, A. Iudica ^1,2, C. Putzke¹, Y. Liu ³, B. Keimer³, and A. Cavalleri ^1,4,‡

¹Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
²Physics Department, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
³Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
⁴Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom

^*Contact author: maor.rosenberg@mpsd.mpg.de
^†Contact author: daniele.nicoletti@mpsd.mpg.de
^‡Contact author: andrea.cavalleri@mpsd.mpg.de

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Phys. Rev. B 112, 214522 – Published 30 December, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2m3d-s3j9

Abstract

Optical excitation of large-amplitude apical oxygen phonon oscillations has been shown to renormalize the electronic properties of $YB a_{2} C u_{3} O_{6 + x}$ , inducing a superconducting-like optical response above equilibrium $T_{C}$ . All of the evidence collected so far has been based on the changes of the terahertz frequency $c$ -axis response. In these measurements, the capacitive interlayer coupling was seen to transform into a superconducting-like inductive response. This assignment was strengthened by recent measurements of ultrafast magnetic field expulsion. Here, we report an experimental determination of the transient in-plane optical properties, which has so far been elusive due to the high equilibrium reflectivity and the need to evaluate minute changes in the optical response. We report the appearance of a photoinduced in-plane optical gap $2 Δ ≃ 30 c m^{- 1}$ and a divergent imaginary conductivity, both consistent with photoinduced superconductivity. A global fit to these data suggests that in- and out-of-plane electronic properties never completely equilibrate during the dynamics.

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Phys. Rev. B 112, 214522– Published 30 December, 2025

Vol. 112, Iss. 21 — 1 December 2025

Received 5 June 2025
Revised 29 September 2025
Accepted 3 December 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/2m3d-s3j9

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by Max Planck Society.

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Signatures of three-dimensional photoinduced superconductivity in ${YBa}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{6.48}$

Abstract

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Signatures of three-dimensional photoinduced superconductivity in YBa2Cu3O6.48

Abstract

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (43)

Signatures of three-dimensional photoinduced superconductivity in ${YBa}_{2} {Cu}_{3} O_{6.48}$