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    Hybrid quantum interferometer bridging Hong-Ou-Mandel and N00N-state interference

    Zi-Qi Zeng1,2, Samuel Corona-Aquino2,3, Tao Xie1, Bin Yin1, Yan Guo2, Yukun Song4, Yun Meng5,6, Kai Zou5,6, Song Li5,6,7 et al.

    Xiaolong Hu7,8, Alfred B. U’Ren3, Roberto de J. León-Montiel3, Chenglong You9,10, Baihong Li11,*, Dongzhou Wang12,†, and Rui-Bo Jin1,2,‡

    • *Contact author: li-baihong@163.com
    • †Contact author: wangdongzhou@jiqt.org
    • ‡Contact author: jrb@hunnu.edu.cn

    Phys. Rev. Applied 26, 044035 – Published 13 October, 2026

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/pd91-dyf9

    Abstract

    Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference offers robustness in high-noise environments due to its phase-insensitive nature, while N00N-state interference provides enhanced phase sensitivity for precision measurements in low-noise settings. However, their realizations have typically required separate experimental platforms. Here, we report a single hybrid quantum interferometer that can dynamically transition between HOM and N00N-state interference by adjusting two time delays, τ1 and τ2. This tunability enables operation in phase-insensitive, phase-sensitive, or hybrid modes within a unified setup, as confirmed by theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration. Our system offers a versatile platform with potential for quantum sensing applications, paving the way for integrated quantum technologies capable of adapting to diverse noise conditions.

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