Adiabatic self-vibrations generated by inelastic Andreev tunneling in a movable Cooper-pair box
Phys. Rev. Applied 26, 044081 – Published 27 October, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/p7mh-tjpm
Abstract
Self-sustained oscillators produce stable periodic motion robust to dissipation. Such motion is usually achieved by work fed back into the oscillator, but its performance is often limited by frequency-dependent operation. Here, we propose a scheme for self-sustained vibrations without external feedback. We consider a movable Cooper-pair box attached to the free end of a voltage-biased normal-metal pillar. The Cooper-pair box carries an Andreev current subject to an electric field applied perpendicular to the current. In the adiabatic limit, where the Cooper-pair box state follows its motion, vibrational instability occurs, pumped by inelastic Andreev tunneling. Nonlinearity of the Josephson coupling saturates the vibrational amplitude, resulting in two-dimensional self-vibrations. We discuss the advantage of this adiabatic scheme in comparison with feedback-induced self-oscillation.
