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Resource-state generation for a multispin register in a hybrid matter-photon quantum information processor

Yu Liu* and Martin B. Plenio†

  • Institut für Theoretische Physik und IQST, Universität Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany

  • *Contact author: yu.liu@uni-ulm.de
  • †Contact author: martin.plenio@uni-ulm.de
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Phys. Rev. Applied 25, 024002 – Published 2 February, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/185z-nxt1

Abstract

Hybrid quantum architectures that integrate matter and photonic degrees of freedom present a promising pathway toward scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. This approach needs to combine well-established entangling operations between distant registers using photonic degrees of freedom with direct interactions between matter qubits within a solid-state register. The high-fidelity control of such a register, however, poses significant challenges. In this work, we address these challenges with pulsed control sequences that modulate all interspin interactions to preserve the nearest-neighbor couplings while eliminating unwanted long-range interactions. We derive pulse sequences, including broadband and selective gates, using composite-pulse and shaped-pulse techniques as well as optimal-control methods. This ensures a general pulse sequence in the presence of spin-position bias, robustness against static offset detunings, and Rabi-frequency fluctuations of the control fields. The control techniques developed here apply well beyond the present setting to a broad range of physical platforms. We demonstrate the efficacy of our methods for the resource-state generation for fusion-based quantum computing in four- and six-spin systems encoded in the electronic ground states of nitrogen-vacancy centers or other molecular solid-state qubits. We also outline other elements of the proposed architecture, highlighting its potential for advancing quantum computing technology.

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Phys. Rev. Applied 25, 024002– Published 2 February, 2026
  • Received 6 September 2024
  • Revised 3 December 2025
  • Accepted 7 January 2026
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