• Accepted Paper

Colloquium: A critique on van der Waals and two-dimensional magnets

Johann Coraux, Nicolas Rougemaille, Cedric Robert, Clément Faugeras, Andrés Saul, Benoît Grémaud, Luis Hueso, Félix Casanova, and Aurélien Manchon

Rev. Mod. Phys. - Accepted 27 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/pg3w-nsw1

Abstract

Magnetic two-dimensional (2D) crystals were isolated about a decade ago, triggering a tremendous research activity worldwide. This colloquium raises a stiff question: what is really new about them? At first sight, they seem to be purer implementations of 2D spin models than traditional systems such as ultra-thin films. Yet, they partly realized their promises so far, and whether they give fresh perspectives on long-standing predictions in statistical physics is still an open question. Undoubtedly, they are uniquely amenable to electric-field effect, susceptible to mechanical deformation, and sensitive to moir'{e}s. They are interesting platforms for exploring, challenging, or simply revisiting a wide range of phenomena in condensed matter magnetism. This colloquium proposes a critical, yet not necessarily skeptical, overview of the field, clarifying what we believe could be unique with 2D magnets, related quasi-2D van der Waals magnets, and their heterostructures.

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