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Scalable, High-Fidelity All-Electronic Control of Trapped-Ion Qubits

C.M. Löschnauer1, J. Mosca Toba1, A.C. Hughes1, S.A. King1, M.A. Weber1, R. Srinivas1,2, R. Matt1, R. Nourshargh1, D.T.C. Allcock1,3 et al.

C.J. Ballance1,2, C. Matthiesen1, M. Malinowski1,*, and T.P. Harty1

  • *Contact author: mm@oxionics.com
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PRX Quantum 6, 040313 – Published 20 October, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/h4wk-v31j

Abstract

The central challenge of quantum computing is implementing high-fidelity quantum gates at scale. However, many existing approaches to qubit control suffer from a scale-performance trade-off, impeding progress towards the creation of useful devices. Here, we present a vision for an electronically controlled trapped-ion quantum computer that alleviates this bottleneck. Our architecture utilizes shared current-carrying traces and local tuning electrodes in a microfabricated chip to perform quantum gates with low noise and crosstalk regardless of device size. To verify our approach, we experimentally demonstrate low-noise site-selective single- and two-qubit gates in a seven-zone ion trap. We implement electronic single-qubit gates with fidelities ≥99.99912(8)% and demonstrate consistent performance with low crosstalk across the device. We also electronically generate two-qubit maximally entangled states with 99.97(1)% fidelity and long-term stable performance over continuous system operation. These state-of-the-art results highlight the potential of our all-electronic approach for coherent control of trapped-ion qubits in large-scale quantum computers.

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Popular Summary

Quantum computers are expected to vastly outperform classical computers in important applications, but the limited performance of current hardware means that broad computational advantage is still out of reach. Central challenges are improving the quality (or fidelity) of qubit control for single- and two-qubit gates and scaling the computer size without sacrificing performance. We address both challenges using atomic ion qubits trapped above a multi-zone microfabricated chip, achieving state-of-the-art two-qubit entanglement fidelity [99.97(1)%] and showing how our quantum control architecture can be extended to large-scale systems.

Rather than using lasers to perform gate operations, our architecture integrates a single antenna into the trap chip to deliver the control fields for both single- and two-qubit gates to all trap zones, with each zone capable of holding one or two ion qubits. In order to perform parallel, but locally specific, operations in each zone, we dynamically position the ions in each zone to precisely control the strength of interaction with the control field. We show that we can switch on the interaction in one zone and switch it off in all others, and vice versa, with average single-qubit gate fidelity of at least 99.99912(8)%. The simplicity of all-electronic coherent control makes this scheme particularly attractive for scaling our quantum processors to economically relevant sizes. The measurements presented here suggest that state-of-the-art performance can be extended to these larger systems.

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PRX Quantum 6, 040313– Published 20 October, 2025
  • Received 29 April 2025
  • Revised 6 August 2025
  • Accepted 18 September 2025
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