• Accepted Paper

Quantum error mitigation simulates general non-Hermitian dynamics

Hiroki Kuji, Suguru Endo, Tetsuro Nikuni, Ryusuke Hamazaki, and Yuichiro Matsuzaki

Phys. Rev. Research - Accepted 5 November, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/kfc2-hz6t

Abstract

While non-Hermitian Hamiltonians enable exotic dynamical phenomena, implementing their nonunitary time evolution on near-term quantum devices remains challenging. We propose a programmable protocol that simulates non-Hermitian dynamics without ancillas, controlled time evolution, or continuous monitoring. The protocol combines a Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) evolution via classical Gaussian white-noise averaging with stochastic quantum error mitigation (QEM) to cancel the jump contribution at the level of expectation values. The mitigation layer uses only single-qubit operations. We validate the method through numerical simulations of an asymmetric-hopping model and an open {} spin chain with non-Hermitian boundary fields. Our work provides a programmable and ancilla-free framework for investigating exotic dynamics beyond the class of completely positive and trace-preserving dynamics using QEM.

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