• Accepted Paper

Observation of Rabi-oscillation-driven cyclical noise squeezing in active quantum dot ensembles

Ori Gabai, Amnon Willinger, Igor Khanonkin, Vitalii Sichkovskyi, Johann Peter Reithmaier, and Gadi Eisenstein

Phys. Rev. Research - Accepted 14 October, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/7qbs-778n

Abstract

Squeezed light is usually generated using parametric processes in various nonlinear materials. Semiconductor lasers and optical amplifiers (SOAs) also offer nonlinearities but they differ in that they add amplified spontaneous emission originating from population inversion, and which represents a thermal state. Squeezing to below the vacuum level has been demonstrated in a semiconductor laser, and gain saturation in SOAs can likewise reduce field amplitude fluctuations to below the vacuum limit. Here, we demonstrate that Rabi oscillations in room-temperature quantum-dot SOAs, induced by short resonant pulses cause cyclical noise modification that repeats with every change of 2π in pulse area. Homodyne measurements reveal in those cases elliptical Wigner functions corresponding to squeezed thermal states and in some cases to squeezing below the vacuum level. At other pulse areas, the Wigner functions are circular representing displaced thermal states. This periodic behavior persists over two orders of magnitude in input pulse energy. Under specific bias and excitation conditions, we further observe a non-Gaussian Wigner function featuring two bright lobes. Such a Wigner function does not represent any known quantum state. It resembles though a Schrödinger cat–like non-Gaussian state, and we postulate that the accompanying negativity is suppressed due to an approximately 10 dB optical output loss. This speculation is confirmed by a simulation. Notably, the emergence of this non-Gaussian state is itself periodic in excitation pulse energy.

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