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  • Open Access

Designing atomtronic circuits via superfluid dynamics

Sarah Jährling1, Vijay Pal Singh2,*, and Ludwig Mathey1,3,†

  • 1Zentrum für Optische Quantentechnologien and Institut für Quantenphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
  • 2Quantum Research Centre, Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
  • 3The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

  • *Contact author: vijay.singh@tii.ae
  • †Contact author: ludwig.mathey@uni-hamburg.de
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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 033112 – Published 1 August, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/shm9-kl7r

Abstract

We propose to design atomtronic circuits with Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in circuit-like traps that are controlled via mobile barriers. Using classical-field simulations, we demonstrate a universal set of logical gates and show how to assemble them into circuits. We first demonstrate an AND gate based on a T-shaped BEC, utilizing a combination of mobile and static barriers. The mobile barriers provide the logical input of the gate, while the static barrier functions as a Josephson junction that generates the AND output of the gate via a density imbalance across the barrier. Next, we show how to combine three AND gates into a circuit, with a design composed of two T shapes and an H shape. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to use Josephson oscillations to create a NOT gate and combine it with an AND gate, thereby showcasing a universal set of gates and their assembly into circuits.

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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 033112– Published 1 August, 2025
  • Received 26 November 2024
  • Accepted 27 June 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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