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Encoding a topological gauge theory on a ring-shaped Raman-coupled Bose gas

Claudio Iacovelli1,2,*, Josep Cabedo2, Leticia Tarruell1,3, and Alessio Celi2,†

  • *Contact author: claudio.iacovelli@icfo.eu
  • †Contact author: alessio.celi@uab.cat
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Phys. Rev. Research 8, 023242 – Published 3 June, 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/s8fh-wrmb

Abstract

Topological gauge theories constitute a framework for understanding strongly correlated quantum matter in terms of weakly interacting composite degrees of freedom. Their topological properties become evident when these theories are realized on a space of nontrivial topology. Here, we propose a scheme to realize a one-dimensional topological gauge theory, the so-called chiral BF theory, on a ring geometry. We obtain such a theory by dimensionally reducing Chern-Simons theory on a disk to the chiral BF theory defined on the ring. Then, we encode the theory into a Hamiltonian with a coupling between angular momentum and density, and we propose and numerically benchmark its realization in an optically dressed Bose gas confined in a ring-shaped trap. There, the topological properties of the underlying theory manifest themselves through a magnetic flux variable that is density dependent. We quantify such density-dependent magnetic flux in terms of the ground-state angular momentum and the chiral properties of the system through a Bogoliubov analysis. Our proposal enables the observation of topological features of the chiral BF theory that become manifest due to the nontrivial topology of the ring geometry.

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Phys. Rev. Research 8, 023242– Published 3 June, 2026
  • Received 14 November 2025
  • Accepted 7 April 2026
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