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  • Open Access

Lattice surgery-based logical state teleportation via noisy links

Áron Márton*, Luis Colmenarez, Lukas Bödeker, and Markus Müller

  • *Contact author: a.marton@fz-juelich.de
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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 033238 – Published 10 September, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/ppng-vbqj

Abstract

For planar architectures, surface code-based quantum error correction is one of the most promising approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation. This is partially due to the variety of fault-tolerant logical protocols that can be implemented in two dimensions using local operations. One such protocol is the lattice surgery-based logical state teleportation, which transfers a logical quantum state from an initial location on a quantum chip to a target location through a linking region of qubits. This protocol serves as a basis for higher-level routines, such as the entangling cnot gate or magic state injection. In this work, we investigate the correctability phase diagram of this protocol for distinct error rates inside the surface code patches and within the linking region. We adopt techniques from statistical physics to describe the numerically observed crossover regime between correctable and uncorrectable quantum error correction phases, where the correctability depends on the separation between the initial and target locations. We find that inside the crossover regime the correctability-threshold lines decay as a power law with increasing separation, which we explain accurately using a finite-size scaling analysis. Our results indicate that the logical state teleportation protocol can tolerate much higher noise rates in the linking region compared to the bulk of the surface code patches, provided the separation between the positions is relatively small.

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Phys. Rev. Research 7, 033238– Published 10 September, 2025
  • Received 21 May 2025
  • Accepted 1 August 2025
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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