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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Waveguide QED with dissipative light-matter couplings

Xing-Liang Dong1,2, Peng-Bo Li1,*, Zongping Gong3,2, and Franco Nori2,4,5

  • 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
  • 2Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
  • 3Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
  • 4Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
  • 5Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA

  • *Contact author: lipengbo@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
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Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012036 – Published 19 February, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.L012036

Abstract

Dissipative light-matter coupling plays a vital role in non-Hermitian physics, but it remains largely unexplored in waveguide QED systems. In this work, we find that by employing pseudo-Hermitian symmetry rather than anti-PT symmetry, the concept of dissipative coupling could be generalized and applied to the field of waveguide QED. This leads to a series of intriguing results, such as spontaneous breaking of pseudo-Hermitian symmetry across the exceptional points (EPs), level attraction between the bound states, and critical transition across the EPs for the population of quantum emitters in the bound state. Thanks to the tunability of photonic bands in crystal waveguides, we also demonstrate that dissipative light-matter coupling leads to the emergence of nonstandard third-order exceptional points with chiral spatial profiles in a topological waveguide QED system. This work provides a promising paradigm for studying non-Hermitian quantum phenomena in waveguide QED systems.

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Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012036– Published 19 February, 2025
  • Received 6 February 2024
  • Revised 25 June 2024
  • Accepted 3 February 2025
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