- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Research

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Universal coherent atom-molecule oscillations in the dynamics of the unitary Bose gas near a narrow Feshbach resonance

Ke Wang1,2, Zhendong Zhang3, Shu Nagata1, Zhiqiang Wang1,4,5,6, and K. Levin1

PDF

Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012025 – Published 5 February, 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.L012025

Abstract

Quench experiments on a unitary Bose gas around a broad Feshbach resonance have led to the discovery of universal dynamics. This universality manifests in the measured atomic momentum distributions, where, asymptotically, a quasiequilibrated metastable state is found in which both the momentum distribution and the timescales are determined by the particle density. In this Letter we present counterpart studies for the case of a very narrow Feshbach resonance of Cs133 atoms with a width of 8.3 mG. In dramatic contrast to the behavior reported earlier, a rapid quench of an atomic condensate to unitarity is observed to ultimately lead to coherent oscillations involving dynamically produced condensed and noncondensed molecules and atoms. The same characteristic frequency, determined by the Feshbach coupling, is observed in all types of particles. To understand these quench dynamics and how these different particle species are created, we develop a beyond Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov dynamical framework including a type of cross-correlation between atoms and molecules. This leads to quantitative consistency with the measured frequency. Our results, which can be applied to the general class of bosonic superfluids associated with narrow Feshbach resonances, establish a alternate paradigm for universal dynamics dominated by quantum many-body interactions.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

Supplemental Material

References (31)

  1. S. B. Papp, J. M. Pino, R. J. Wild, S. Ronen, C. E. Wieman, D. S. Jin, and E. A. Cornell, Bragg spectroscopy of a strongly interacting Rb85 Bose-Einstein condensate, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 135301 (2008).
  2. N. Navon, S. Piatecki, K. Günter, B. Rem, T. C. Nguyen, F. Chevy, W. Krauth, and C. Salomon, Dynamics and thermodynamics of the low-temperature strongly interacting Bose gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 135301 (2011).
  3. S. E. Pollack, D. Dries, M. Junker, Y. P. Chen, T. A. Corcovilos, and R. G. Hulet, Extreme tunability of interactions in a Li7 Bose-Einstein condensate, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 090402 (2009).
  4. S. Piatecki and W. Krauth, Efimov-driven phase transitions of the unitary Bose gas, Nat. Commun. 5, 3503 (2014).
  5. R. J. Wild, P. Makotyn, J. M. Pino, E. A. Cornell, and D. S. Jin, Measurements of Tan's contact in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 145305 (2012).
  6. E. Braaten, D. Kang, and L. Platter, Universal relations for identical bosons from three-body physics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 153005 (2011).
  7. P. Makotyn, C. E. Klauss, D. L. Goldberger, E. A. Cornell, and D. S. Jin, Universal dynamics of a degenerate unitary Bose gas, Nat. Phys. 10, 116 (2014).
  8. C. Eigen, J. A. P. Glidden, R. Lopes, E. A. Cornell, R. P. Smith, and Z. Hadzibabic, Universal prethermal dynamics of Bose gases quenched to unitarity, Nature (London) 563, 221 (2018).
  9. X. Yin and L. Radzihovsky, Publisher's Note: Postquench dynamics and prethermalization in a resonant Bose gas [Phys. Rev. A 93, 033653 (2016)], Phys. Rev. A 94, 039901(E) (2016).
  10. A. Rançon and K. Levin, Equilibrating dynamics in quenched Bose gases: Characterizing multiple time regimes, Phys. Rev. A 90, 021602(R) (2014).
  11. S. Cowell, H. Heiselberg, I. E. Mazets, J. Morales, V. R. Pandharipande, and C. J. Pethick, Cold Bose gases with large scattering lengths, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 210403 (2002).
  12. J. L. Song and F. Zhou, Ground state properties of cold bosonic atoms at large scattering lengths, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 025302 (2009).
  13. Y.-L. Lee and Y.-W. Lee, Universality and stability for a dilute Bose gas with a Feshbach resonance, Phys. Rev. A 81, 063613 (2010).
  14. J. M. Diederix, T. C. F. van Heijst, and H. T. C. Stoof, Ground state of a resonantly interacting Bose gas, Phys. Rev. A 84, 033618 (2011).
  15. W. Li and T.-L. Ho, Bose gases near unitarity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 195301 (2012).
  16. S.-J. Jiang, W.-M. Liu, G. W. Semenoff, and F. Zhou, Universal Bose gases near resonance: A rigorous solution, Phys. Rev. A 89, 033614 (2014).
  17. C. Gao, M. Sun, P. Zhang, and H. Zhai, Universal dynamics of a degenerate Bose gas quenched to unitarity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 040403 (2020).
  18. Z. Zhang, S. Nagata, K.-X. Yao, and C. Chin, Many-body chemical reactions in a quantum degenerate gas, Nat. Phys. 19, 1466 (2023).
  19. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.L012025 for the clarification of experimental-based parameters, the analysis of data, and the derivation of the dynamical equations.
  20. Z. Wang, K. Wang, Z. Zhang, S. Nagata, C. Chin, and K. Levin, Stability and dynamics of atom-molecule superfluids near a narrow Feshbach resonance, Phys. Rev. A 110, 013306 (2024).
  21. S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans and M. J. Holland, Ramsey fringes in a Bose-Einstein condensate between atoms and molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 180401 (2002).
  22. V. D. Snyder, S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, and L. D. Carr, Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov model and simulation of attractive and repulsive Bose-Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. A 85, 033616 (2012).
  23. Y. Tian, Y. Zhao, Y. Wu, J. Ye, S. Mei, Z. Chi, T. Tian, C. Wang, Z.-Y. Shi, Y. Chen, J. Hu, H. Zhai, and W. Chen, Dissipation driven coherent dynamics observed in Bose-Einstein condensates, arXiv:2408.03815.
  24. V. G. Sadhasivam, F. Suzuki, B. Yan, and N. A. Sinitsyn, Parametric tuning of quantum phase transitions in ultracold reactions, Nat. Commun. 15, 10246 (2024).
  25. R. A. Duine and H. T. C. Stoof, Atom–molecule coherence in Bose gases, Phys. Rep. 396, 115 (2004).
  26. V. E. Colussi, H. Kurkjian, M. Van Regemortel, S. Musolino, J. van de Kraats, M. Wouters, and S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, Cumulant theory of the unitary Bose gas: Prethermal and Efimovian dynamics, Phys. Rev. A 102, 063314 (2020).
  27. M. Van Regemortel, H. Kurkjian, M. Wouters, and I. Carusotto, Prethermalization to thermalization crossover in a dilute Bose gas following an interaction ramp, Phys. Rev. A 98, 053612 (2018).
  28. J. van de Kraats, D. J. M. Ahmed-Braun, V. E. Colussi, and S. J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans, Resonance triplet dynamics in the quenched unitary Bose gas, Phys. Rev. Res. 6, L012056 (2024).
  29. The growth of this molecular BEC is associated with instanton dynamics: ξ2(t)/n=itanh(t/tα), where tα=ℏ/α2n [19].
  30. Because the experimentally observed particle loss is not significant within the 3 ms time frame [18], it makes sense to consider these comparisons.
  31. K. Wang, H. Fu, and K. Levin, Simulating cosmological evolution by quantum quench of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, Phys. Rev. A 109, 013316 (2024).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 7, L012025– Published 5 February, 2025
  • Received 27 August 2024
  • Accepted 6 January 2025
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation