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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Efficient coupling of light to an atomic tweezer array in a cavity

Yakov Solomons1, Inbar Shani2, Ofer Firstenberg2, Nir Davidson2, and Ephraim Shahmoon1

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042070 – Published 30 December, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L042070

Abstract

We consider the coupling of light, via an optical cavity, to two-dimensional atomic arrays whose lattice spacing exceeds the wavelength of the light. Such “superwavelength” spacing is typical of optical tweezer arrays. While subwavelength arrays exhibit strong atom-photon coupling, characterized by high optical reflectivity in free space, the coupling efficiency of superwavelength arrays is reduced due to collective scattering losses to high diffraction orders. We show how a moderate-finesse cavity can overcome these losses. As the scattering losses peak at certain discrete values of the lattice spacing, the spacing can be optimized to achieve efficient atom-photon coupling in the cavity. Our cavity-QED theory properly accounts for collective dipolar interactions mediated by the lossy, non-cavity-confined photon modes and for finite-size effects of both the array and the light field. These findings pave the way to harnessing the versatility of tweezer arrays for efficient atom-photon interfaces in applications of quantum computing, networking, and nonlinear optics.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042070– Published 30 December, 2024
  • Received 25 January 2024
  • Accepted 4 December 2024
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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