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Viscous tweezers: Controlling particles with viscosity

Tali Khain1, Michel Fruchart1,2, and Vincenzo Vitelli1,3,*

  • 1James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
  • 2Gulliver, UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris PSL, 75005 Paris, France
  • 3Kadanoff Center for Theoretical Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA

  • *Contact author: vitelli@uchicago.edu
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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042039 – Published 7 November, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L042039

Abstract

Control of particle motion is generally achieved by applying an external field that acts directly on each particle. Here, we propose a global way to manipulate the motion of a particle by dynamically changing the properties of the fluid in which it is immersed. We exemplify this principle by considering a small particle sinking in an anisotropic fluid whose viscosity depends on the shear axis. In the Stokes regime, the motion of an immersed object is fully determined by the viscosity of the fluid through the mobility matrix, which we explicitly compute for a pushpin-shaped particle. Rather than falling upright under the force of gravity, as in an isotropic fluid, the pushpin tilts to the side, sedimenting at an angle determined by the viscosity anisotropy axis. By changing this axis, we demonstrate control over the pushpin orientation as it sinks, even in the presence of noise, using a closed feedback loop. This strategy to control particle motion, that we dub viscous tweezers, could be experimentally realized in systems ranging from polyatomic fluids under external fields to chiral active fluids of spinning particles by suitably changing their direction of global alignment or anisotropy.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042039– Published 7 November, 2024
  • Received 15 July 2023
  • Accepted 7 August 2024
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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