- Physical Review Journals
All JournalsPhysics Magazine

Physical Review Research

Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

Optical manipulation of spin states in ultracold magnetic atoms via an inner-shell hz transition

F. Claude1, L. Lafforgue2, J. J. A. Houwman2, M. J. Mark1,2, and F. Ferlaino1,2

PDF

Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042016 – Published 18 October, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L042016

Abstract

Lanthanides, like erbium and dysprosium, have emerged as powerful platforms for quantum-gas research due to their diverse properties, including a significant large spin manifold in their absolute ground state. However, effectively exploiting the spin richness necessitates precise manipulation of spin populations, a challenge yet to be fully addressed in this class of atomic species. In this work, we present an all-optical method for deterministically controlling the spin composition of a dipolar bosonic erbium gas, based on a clocklike transition in the telecom window at 1299nm. The atoms can be prepared in just a few tens of microseconds in any spin-state composition using a sequence of Rabi-pulse pairs, selectively coupling Zeeman sublevels of the ground state with those of the long-lived clocklike state. Finally, we demonstrate that this transition can also be used to create spin-selective light shifts, thus fully suppressing spin-exchange collisions. These experimental results unlock exciting possibilities for implementing advanced spin models in isolated, clean, and fully controllable lattice systems.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (42)

  1. S. Sachdev, Quantum magnetism and criticality, Nat. Phys. 4, 173 (2008).
  2. M. Z. Hasan and C. L. Kane, Colloquium: Topological insulators, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 3045 (2010).
  3. X.-L. Qi and S.-C. Zhang, Topological insulators and superconductors, Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1057 (2011).
  4. S. Sachdev, Quantum Phase Transitions (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2011).
  5. K. Binder and A. P. Young, Spin glasses: Experimental facts, theoretical concepts, and open questions, Rev. Mod. Phys. 58, 801 (1986).
  6. M. Saffman, T. G. Walker, and K. Mølmer, Quantum information with Rydberg atoms, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 2313 (2010).
  7. J. L. Bohn, A. M. Rey, and J. Ye, Cold molecules: Progress in quantum engineering of chemistry and quantum matter, Science 357, 1002 (2017).
  8. R. Blatt and C. F. Roos, Quantum simulations with trapped ions, Nat. Phys. 8, 277 (2012).
  9. A. Griesmaier, J. Werner, S. Hensler, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau, Bose-Einstein condensation of chromium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 160401 (2005).
  10. M. Lu, N. Q. Burdick, S. H. Youn, and B. L. Lev, Strongly dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate of dysprosium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 190401 (2011).
  11. K. Aikawa, A. Frisch, M. Mark, S. Baier, A. Rietzler, R. Grimm, and F. Ferlaino, Bose-Einstein condensation of erbium, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 210401 (2012).
  12. M. Hartmann, F. Brandão, and M. Plenio, Quantum many-body phenomena in coupled cavity arrays, Laser Photon. Rev. 2, 527 (2008).
  13. A.-C. Ji, X. C. Xie, and W. M. Liu, Quantum magnetic dynamics of polarized light in arrays of microcavities, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 183602 (2007).
  14. S. Trotzky, P. Cheinet, S. Fölling, M. Feld, U. Schnorrberger, A. M. Rey, A. Polkovnikov, E. A. Demler, M. D. Lukin, and I. Bloch, Time-resolved observation and control of superexchange interactions with ultracold atoms in optical lattices, Science 319, 295 (2008).
  15. N. Q. Burdick, K. Baumann, Y. Tang, M. Lu, and B. L. Lev, Fermionic suppression of dipolar relaxation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 023201 (2015).
  16. T. Chalopin, C. Bouazza, A. Evrard, V. Makhalov, D. Dreon, J. Dalibard, L. A. Sidorenkov, and S. Nascimbene, Quantum-enhanced sensing using non-classical spin states of a highly magnetic atom, Nat. Commun. 9, 4955 (2018).
  17. J.-B. Bouhiron, A. Fabre, Q. Liu, Q. Redon, N. Mittal, T. Satoor, R. Lopes, and S. Nascimbene, Realization of an atomic quantum Hall system in four dimensions, Science 384, 223 (2024).
  18. S. Baier, D. Petter, J. H. Becher, A. Patscheider, G. Natale, L. Chomaz, M. J. Mark, and F. Ferlaino, Realization of a strongly interacting Fermi gas of dipolar atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 093602 (2018).
  19. A. Patscheider, B. Zhu, L. Chomaz, D. Petter, S. Baier, A.-M. Rey, F. Ferlaino, and M. J. Mark, Controlling dipolar exchange interactions in a dense three-dimensional array of large-spin fermions, Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 023050 (2020).
  20. A. de Paz, A. Sharma, A. Chotia, E. Maréchal, J. H. Huckans, P. Pedri, L. Santos, O. Gorceix, L. Vernac, and B. Laburthe-Tolra, Nonequilibrium quantum magnetism in a dipolar lattice gas, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 185305 (2013).
  21. A. de Paz, P. Pedri, A. Sharma, M. Efremov, B. Naylor, O. Gorceix, E. Maréchal, L. Vernac, and B. Laburthe-Tolra, Probing spin dynamics from the mott insulating to the superfluid regime in a dipolar lattice gas, Phys. Rev. A 93, 021603(R) (2016).
  22. S. Lepoutre, J. Schachenmayer, L. Gabardos, B. Zhu, B. Naylor, E. Maréchal, O. Gorceix, A. M. Rey, L. Vernac, and B. Laburthe-Tolra, Out-of-equilibrium quantum magnetism and thermalization in a spin-3 many-body dipolar lattice system, Nat. Commun. 10, 1714 (2019).
  23. M. A. Norcia and F. Ferlaino, Developments in atomic control using ultracold magnetic lanthanides, Nat. Phys. 17, 1349 (2021).
  24. L. Chomaz, I. Ferrier-Barbut, F. Ferlaino, B. Laburthe-Tolra, B. L. Lev, and T. Pfau, Dipolar physics: a review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases, Rep. Prog. Phys. 86, 026401 (2023).
  25. O. Dutta, M. Gajda, P. Hauke, M. Lewenstein, D.-S. Lühmann, B. A. Malomed, T. Sowiski, and J. Zakrzewski, Non-standard Hubbard models in optical lattices: a review, Rep. Prog. Phys. 78, 066001 (2015).
  26. B. Pasquiou, G. Bismut, Q. Beaufils, A. Crubellier, E. Maréchal, P. Pedri, L. Vernac, O. Gorceix, and B. Laburthe-Tolra, Control of dipolar relaxation in external fields, Phys. Rev. A 81, 042716 (2010).
  27. P. Barral, M. Cantara, L. Du, W. Lunden, J. de Hond, A. O. Jamison, and W. Ketterle, Suppressing dipolar relaxation in thin layers of dysprosium atoms, Nat. Commun. 15, 3566 (2024).
  28. S. Kotochigova, Controlling interactions between highly magnetic atoms with Feshbach resonances, Rep. Prog. Phys. 77, 093901 (2014).
  29. A. Frisch, M. Mark, K. Aikawa, F. Ferlaino, J. L. Bohn, C. Makrides, A. Petrov, and S. Kotochigova, Quantum chaos in ultracold collisions of gas-phase erbium atoms, Nature (London) 507, 475 (2014).
  30. K. Baumann, N. Q. Burdick, M. Lu, and B. L. Lev, Observation of low-field Fano-Feshbach resonances in ultracold gases of dysprosium, Phys. Rev. A 89, 020701(R) (2014).
  31. T. Maier, H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, I. Ferrier-Barbut, T. Pfau, A. Frisch, S. Baier, K. Aikawa, L. Chomaz, M. J. Mark, F. Ferlaino, C. Makrides, E. Tiesinga, A. Petrov, and S. Kotochigova, Emergence of chaotic scattering in ultracold Er and Dy, Phys. Rev. X 5, 041029 (2015).
  32. V. A. Khlebnikov, D. A. Pershin, V. V. Tsyganok, E. T. Davletov, I. S. Cojocaru, E. S. Fedorova, A. A. Buchachenko, and A. V. Akimov, Random to chaotic statistic transformation in low-field Fano-Feshbach resonances of cold thulium atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 213402 (2019).
  33. A. Patscheider, B. Yang, G. Natale, D. Petter, L. Chomaz, M. J. Mark, G. Hovhannesyan, M. Lepers, and F. Ferlaino, Observation of a narrow inner-shell orbital transition in atomic erbium at 1299 nm, Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 033256 (2021).
  34. A. Frisch, K. Aikawa, M. Mark, A. Rietzler, J. Schindler, E. Zupanič, R. Grimm, and F. Ferlaino, Narrow-line magneto-optical trap for erbium, Phys. Rev. A 85, 051401(R) (2012).
  35. We measured experimentally that gJ and gJ′ are equal to 1.163801(1) and 1.2599(5), respectively.
  36. B. P. Anderson, P. C. Haljan, C. E. Wieman, and E. A. Cornell, Vortex precession in bose-einstein condensates: Observations with filled and empty cores, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2857 (2000).
  37. S. Tojo, T. Hayashi, T. Tanabe, T. Hirano, Y. Kawaguchi, H. Saito, and M. Ueda, Spin-dependent inelastic collisions in spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates, Phys. Rev. A 80, 042704 (2009).
  38. N. Petersen, M. Trümper, and P. Windpassinger, Spectroscopy of the 1001-nm transition in atomic dysprosium, Phys. Rev. A 101, 042502 (2020).
  39. T. Ishiyama, K. Ono, T. Takano, A. Sunaga, and Y. Takahashi, Observation of an inner-shell orbital clock transition in neutral ytterbium atoms, Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 153402 (2023).
  40. D. M. Stamper-Kurn and M. Ueda, Spinor Bose gases: Symmetries, magnetism, and quantum dynamics, Rev. Mod. Phys. 85, 1191 (2013).
  41. C. Trefzger, C. Menotti, B. Capogrosso-Sansone, and M. Lewenstein, Ultracold dipolar gases in optical lattices, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 44, 193001 (2011).
  42. S. Krämer, D. Plankensteiner, L. Ostermann, and H. Ritsch, Quantumoptics.jl: A julia framework for simulating open quantum systems, Comput. Phys. Commun. 227, 109 (2018).

Outline

Information

Phys. Rev. Research 6, L042016– Published 18 October, 2024
  • Received 3 May 2024
  • Accepted 2 July 2024
Crossmark - Check for updates button
Creative Commons Logo

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

Published by the American Physical Society

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation