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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Universal fragmentation in annihilation reactions with constrained kinetics

Enrique Rozas Garcia1,*, Alfred Weddig Karlsson2,†, and Johannes Hofmann1,3,‡

  • *Contact author: enrique.rozas.garcia@physics.gu.se
  • †Contact author: weddig@student.chalmers.se
  • ‡Contact author: johannes.hofmann@physics.gu.se
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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L032071 – Published 23 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L032071

Abstract

In reaction-diffusion models of annihilation reactions in low dimensions, single-particle dynamics provides a bottleneck for reactions, leading to an anomalously slow approach to the empty state. Here, we construct a reaction model with a reciprocal bottleneck of reactions on particle dynamics in which single-particle motion conserves the center of mass. We show that such a constrained reaction-diffusion dynamics does not approach an empty state but freezes at late times in a state with fragmented particle clusters. The late-time dynamics and final density are universal, and we provide exact results for the final density in the large-reaction rate limit. Thus, our setup constitutes a minimal model for the fragmentation of a one-dimensional lattice into independent particle clusters. We suggest that the universal reaction dynamics could be observable in experiments with cold atoms or in the Auger recombination of exciton gases.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L032071– Published 23 September, 2024
  • Received 10 May 2024
  • Accepted 15 August 2024
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