Reuse & Permissions

It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties. It is your responsibility to obtain the proper permission from the rights holder directly for these figures.

Export citation

Export citation

Choose format for download:

Download Citation
  • Letter
  • Open Access

No drama in two-dimensional black hole evaporation

Jonathan Barenboim1,*, Andrei V. Frolov1,†, and Gabor Kunstatter2,1,‡

  • *Contact author: jonathan_barenboim@sfu.ca
  • †Contact author: frolov@sfu.ca
  • ‡Contact author: g.kunstatter@uwinnipeg.ca

Phys. Rev. Research 6, L032055 – Published 5 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L032055

Abstract

We numerically calculate the spacetime describing the formation and evaporation of a regular black hole in 2D dilaton gravity. The apparent horizons evaporate smoothly in finite time to form a compact trapped region. We nevertheless see rich dynamics: an antitrapped region forms alongside the black hole and additional compact trapped and antitrapped regions are formed by backreaction effects as the mass radiates away. The spacetime is asymptotically flat at future null infinity and is free of singularities and Cauchy horizons. These results suggest that the evaporation of regular 2D black holes is unitary.

View figure in article

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Article Text

References (18)

  1. C. G. Callan, S. B. Giddings, J. A. Harvey, and A. Strominger, Evanescent black holes, Phys. Rev. D 45, R1005 (1992).
  2. D. Grumiller, W. Kummer, and D. Vassilevich, Dilaton gravity in two dimensions, Phys. Rep. 369, 327 (2002).
  3. T. G. Mertens and G. J. Turiaci, Solvable models of quantum black holes: A review on Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity, Living Rev. Relativ. 26, 4 (2023).
  4. V. P. Frolov and G. A. Vilkovisky, Spherically symmetric collapse in quantum gravity, Phys. Lett. B 106, 307 (1981).
  5. V. P. Frolov, Information loss problem and a “black hole” model with a closed apparent horizon, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2014) 049.
  6. E. Poisson and W. Israel, Internal structure of black holes, Phys. Rev. D 41, 1796 (1990).
  7. J. M. Bardeen, Non-singular general-relativistic gravitational collapse, in Proceedings of International Conference GR5 (Tbilisi University Press, Tbilisi, USSR, 1968), p. 174.
  8. D. Louis-Martinez, J. Gegenberg, and G. Kunstatter, Exact Dirac quantization of all 2D dilaton gravity theories, Phys. Lett. B 321, 193 (1994).
  9. D. Louis-Martinez and G. Kunstatter, Birkhoff's theorem in two-dimensional dilaton gravity, Phys. Rev. D 49, 5227 (1994).
  10. S. M. Christensen and S. A. Fulling, Trace anomalies and the Hawking effect, Phys. Rev. D 15, 2088 (1977).
  11. K. Diba and D. A. Lowe, Near-extremal black hole evaporation in asymptotically flat spacetime, Phys. Rev. D 66, 024039 (2002).
  12. D. A. Lowe and M. O'Loughlin, Nonsingular black hole evaporation and “stable” remnants, Phys. Rev. D 48, 3735 (1993).
  13. M. Cadoni, M. Oi, and A. P. Sanna, Evaporation and information puzzle for 2D nonsingular asymptotically flat black holes, J. High Energy Phys. 06 (2023) 211.
  14. E. Poisson and W. Israel, Inner-horizon instability and mass inflation in black holes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 1663 (1989).
  15. C. Barrabes, W. Israel, and E. Poisson, Collision of light-like shells and mass inflation in rotating black holes, Classical Quantum Gravity 7, L273 (1990).
  16. R. Carballo-Rubio, F. Di Filippo, S. Liberati, C. Pacilio, and M. Visser, On the viability of regular black holes, J. High Energy Phys. 07 (2018) 023.
  17. R. Carballo-Rubio, F. Di Filippo, S. Liberati, and M. Visser, Mass inflation without Cauchy horizons, arXiv:2402.14913.
  18. D. N. Page, Information in black hole radiation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 3743 (1993).

Outline

Information

Sign In to Your Journals Account

Filter

Filter

Article Lookup

Enter a citation