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  • Letter
  • Open Access

Increased atom-cavity coupling through cooling-induced atomic reorganization

Chi Shu1,2,*, Simone Colombo1,*,†, Zeyang Li1,*,‡, Albert Adiyatullin1,§, Enrique Mendez1, Edwin Pedrozo-Peñafiel1,∥, and Vladan Vuletić1,¶

  • *These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • †Present address: Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
  • ‡Present address: Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
  • §Present address: Quandela, 7 Rue Leonard de Vinci, 91300 Massy, France.
  • ∥Present address: Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
  • Contact author: vuletic@mit.edu
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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L032049 – Published 3 September, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L032049

Abstract

The strong coupling of atoms to optical cavities can improve optical lattice clocks as the cavity enables metrologically useful collective atomic entanglement and high-fidelity measurement. To this end, it is necessary to cool the ensemble to suppress motional broadening, and advantageous to maximize and homogenize the atom-cavity coupling. We demonstrate resolved Raman sideband cooling via the cavity as a method that can simultaneously achieve both goals. In 200 ms of Raman sideband cooling, we cool Yb171 atoms to an average vibration number 〈nx〉=0.23(7) in the tightly binding direction, resulting in 93% optical π-pulse fidelity on the clock transition S01→P03. During cooling, the atoms self-organize into locations with maximal atom-cavity coupling, which will improve quantum metrology applications.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L032049– Published 3 September, 2024
  • Received 17 October 2023
  • Accepted 14 August 2024
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Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

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