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Vertical velocity of a small sphere in a sheared granular bed

Song Gao (高颂)1, Julio M. Ottino1,2,3, Richard M. Lueptow1,2,3, and Paul B. Umbanhowar1,*

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
  • 2Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
  • 3Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems (NICO), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA

  • *umbanhowar@northwestern.edu
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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L022015 – Published 16 April, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.L022015

Abstract

Small particles fall through sheared beds of larger particles in settings ranging from geophysics to industry, but the study of large-to-small size ratios R, spanning the trapping threshold Rt, has been neglected. In simulations of noncohesive spheres for R<Rt, the small-sphere vertical velocity vp first increases with shear rate γ̇ as trapping time decreases, but vp then decreases as velocity fluctuations frustrate downward mobility. For R>Rt, vp is constant at low γ̇, but again decreases at high γ̇. We model these behaviors and discuss analogies with electron transport in solids.

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Phys. Rev. Research 6, L022015– Published 16 April, 2024
  • Received 8 October 2023
  • Revised 2 February 2024
  • Accepted 21 March 2024
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